Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia/Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia

Pickens, Chiagozie I; Wunderink, Richard G.

doi:10.1055/s-0041-1740583

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(75 reference statements)

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“…All patients (n = 89) infected with MRSA died during the study period. Different studies have reported that respiratory tract infections caused by MRSA strains not only delay the process of treatment and recovery but also increase the mortality rate in the patients admitted to ICUs [18,19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary bacterial infections of the respiratory tract in COVID-19 patients

Mumcuoğlu

Çağlar

Erdem

et al. 2022

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Secondary Bacterial Infections (SBIs) of the respiratory system are one of the biggest medical concerns in patients undergoing hospitalization with a diagnosis of COVID-19. This study aims to provide relevant data for the initiation of appropriate empirical treatment after examining the etiology and antimicrobial resistance of SBIs in COVID-19 patients under care in the Intensive Care Units (ICUs) in the largest pandemic hospital of our country. Methodology: Between March 16, 2020 and December 31, 2021, 56,993 COVID patients were hospitalized, of which 7684 were admitted to ICUs. A total of 1513 patients diagnosed with SBIs have been included in this study. During the course of the study, demographic data, clinical course, etiology and antimicrobial resistance data of all patients were collected. Results: The most common causative agents of SBIs were inferred as Acinetobacter baumanii (35.1%), Staphylococcus aureus (15.2%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (12.3%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.4%). The isolation rates of carbapenem-resistant and colistin-resistant A. baumannii, K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa were 83.7%; 42.7%, 79.2%, and 5.6%, 42.7%, 1.7%, respectively. Acinetobacter pittii clustering was seen in one of the ICUs in the hospital. Multidrug resistant 92 (5.4%) Corynebacterium striatum isolates were also found as a causative agent with increasing frequency during the study period. Conclusions: SBI of the respiratory system is one of the major complications in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. The antimicrobial resistance rates of the isolated bacteria are generally high, which indicates that more accurate use of antibacterial agents is necessary for SBIs in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 diagnosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary bacterial infections of the respiratory tract in COVID-19 patients

Mumcuoğlu

Çağlar

Erdem

et al. 2022

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…They also define alpha-toxin as an essential virulence determinant during the interaction of Candida albicans with Staphylococcus aureus in intra-abdominal infection and describe a novel mechanism by which a human pathogenic fungus can increase the virulence of a highly pathogenic bacterium [25] . One of the most important virulence factors secreted by Staphylococcus aureus is α-hemolysin exotoxin, which can result in methicillin-resistant pneumonia that can present as a mild respiratory infection or severe respiratory failure and septic shock [26] . In addition, if this pathogen is persistent, it can cause mastitis, which produces several virulence factors, including enterotoxins [27] .…”

Section: Virulencementioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2023

Int. J. Appl. Dent. Sci.

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Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogen present worldwide that produces a large number of toxic molecules, has a 47.5% mortality rate in patients infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), but its prevalence and its contribution to infections in the oral cavity and in the orthodontic area have not been thoroughly investigated. Objective: To analyze the current literature on the presence of Staphylococcus aureus in relation to orthodontics, as well as its prevalence, virulence, biofilm and treatment. Methodology: An electronic search was carried out in the databases PubMed, Google scholar and SCOPUS, compiling articles on Staphylococcus aureus published in the last 5 years; the following keywords were used for the search: "Staphylococcus aureus", "prevalence", "virulence", "biofilm", "treatment", "systemic", "oral", "dental", "orthodontics", among others. Results: A prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus of 90.9% was found on the surface of removable orthodontic appliances. The common virulence factor presents in systemic, oral cavity and proposed orthodontic-related infections is enterotoxins. Adhesion and biofilm formation on the arch wires can be a source of Staphylococcus aureus colonization. The use of 0.2% chlorhexidine rinse is recommended before performing any treatment in oral cavity. Conclusions: It is of utmost importance to inform patients undergoing orthodontic treatment of the risks that can occur if daily removal of the oral micro biota and cleaning of removable appliances before placing them in the mouth is not carried out.

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“…37 It is considered one of the most critical global health threats due to its high pandemic potential. [37][38][39][40][41] Namely, the MRSA strains create an emerging challenge for health systems by increasing the costs associated with the recovery of patients. 42 Epidemiologically, MRSA stands out for efficient dissemination and establishment in environments as diverse as hospitals and communities and is related to different types of productive livestock, whose repercussions range from human health to food production and safety.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%