Method for determining individual hydrocar- bons in mixtures of hydrocarbons by measurement of freezing points

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131

Section: T=t'o-a/[{1-(b/a)}-r]mentioning

confidence: 86%

Determination of the purity of hydrocarbons by measurement of freezing points

Ar¹,

Aj²,

Fd³

1945

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131

“…The amount of o-xylene was determined from the boiling-point-volume plot. The fractions containing all the ethylbenzene and p-xylene were combined, including the material from 111 0 to 150 0 0, and the amounts of ethylbenzene and of p-xylene in this mixture were determined 6 individually by the method of measurement of freezing points recently developed by the API Research Project 6 at this Bureau [5]. The amount of m-xylene was obtained by difference.…”

Section: Determination Of the Individual Aroma Tic Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrocarbons in the gasoline fraction of seven representative crudes, including all the distillate to 102 degrees C and the aromatics to 160 degrees C

Forziati¹,

Willingham²,

Mair³

et al. 1944

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This paper is the second report of an investigation on the analysis of the gasoline fraction of representative crude petroleums by the API Research Project 6 at the National Bureau of Standards. The samples for analysis were selected so as to cover the largest possible range in composition; included one high in aromatics, one high in isoparaffins, one high in normal paraffins, and one high in naphthenes (cycloparaffins); and came from the following fields: Ponca, Okla.; East Texas; Bradford, Pa. ; Greendale-Kawkawlin, Mich.; Winkler, Tex.; Midway, Calif.; Conroe, Tex. The fractionating processes of adsorption and distillation were used in the analysis.Data are given on the amounts of the individual hydrocarbons (paraffins and naphthenes, 40 0 to 102 0 C, and aromatics to 160 0 C) in the gasoline fraction of the seven naphthas. A number of conclusions have been drawn from the data. 11...... Journal of Researoh of the National Bureau of Standards INTRODUCTIONA year ago the API Research Project 6 reported a description of a method for analyzing the gasoline fraction of petroleum, with preliminary results on East Texas and Oklahoma crudes [1]. * This was the first report on an investigation of the hydrocarbons in the gasoline fraction of a number of representative crudes, selected so as to cover the largest possible range in composition.The present paper is the second report on this investigation and gives the results obtained on the hydrocarbons in the gasoline fraction of seven different naphthas, covering the paraffins and naphthenes to 102 0 C and the aromatics to 160 0 C. Subsequent reports will deal with the paraffin and naphthene hydrocarbons above 102 0 C and the aromatics above 160 0 C.4 II. NAPHTHAS INVESTIGATEDThe Advisory Committee 6 for the API Research Project 6 drew up the following specifications for the naphthas to be investigated:The gasoline fraction should be the straight-run cut, preferably from large-scale operation or at least obtained by fractionation comparable to refinery fractionation. The 90-percent point should be near 350 0 F (177 0 C). The material should be washed with caustic to remove h ydrogen sulfide. The sample should contain its full proportion of hexanes but should preferably be debutanized. Each contributor should provide 15 gallons of the product, of which 5 gallons should be sent to Project 6 at the National Bureau of Standards and 10 gallons should be retained in safe storage by the supplier.The seven naphthas selected by the Advisory Committee for investigation are shown in table 1, which gives the field from which the crude was produced, the general type of the naphtha, and the company supplying the sample. As may be seen from the table, the naphthas include two which are classed as intermediate, one high in paraffins, one high in normal paraffins, one high in isoparaffins, one high in naphthenes, and one high in aromatics. The intermediate naphtha labeled Ponca, Okla. is from the original Midcontinent petroleum that was under investigation by the API Research P...

“…given in ta,ble 1 of [2] is the Two-pass Fixed-Bed sample listed in table 1 of this report. Although the foregoing represen ts the procedure finally selected as being the best for analyses of the kind described, actuftlly mftny more observations of other kinds were made on the materials in order to work out the simplest and most reliable method of analysis.…”

Section: Journal Of Researc Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkylbenzenes in the C8 fraction from five different catalytic petroleum refining processes

Streiff¹,

Rossini²

1947

Thi s repor t gi ves t h e resul ts of th e a na lysis, by m easuremen t s of freezin g p oin ts of appropriate mix tu res, supplemented by ana lytical dis tillat ion, of th e four individual Os alky lb en zen es (et hy lben zen e, a-xylene , m-xylene, and p-xylene) occ u lTing in th e produ ct from t he followi ng fi ve differe n t cata lytic p etro leum refinin g processes: (1) H y drofo rmin g, (2) T wo-pa ss Fixed Bed , (3) Three-p ass F ixed Bed , (4) L ow-tempera t ure F luid, a nd (5) Hig htemperat ul'e Flu id. The data indica te that th e relative a moun ts by vo lume of the fou r Os alk y lben ze nes are not g reatly d ifferent in t he fi ve different prod ucts bein g, o n t he average, a s fo ll o\\'s: ethylbe nzen e, 12; a-xy le ne, 2 1; m-xy lene, 48; p-xylene, 19. These a mo un ts co rrespon d su bstan tia lly to t hose called fo r in ch emi cal t herm od yn amic eq uili brium fo r t he op erating temperat ures in vo lv ed .