Method for the multi-criteria optimization of car wheel suspension mechanisms

Abstract

The paper deals with a general method for the multi-criteria optimization of the rear wheels suspension mechanisms in terms of kinematic behavior. The suspension mechanism is decomposed in basic binary links, and the kinematic synthesis is separately performed for each of them. The design variables are the global coordinates of the joint locations on the car body (chassis). The disposing of the joints on the wheel carrier were exclusively established by constructive criteria. The design objectives relate to kinematic position parameters of the wheel (displacements of the wheel centre along longitudinal and transversal directions, and modifications of the wheel axis direction), the optimization goal being to minimize these variations during the wheel travel. A computer program for the kinematic study was developed in C++. The application was performed for the wheel suspension mechanism of a race car.Keywords: Car, wheel suspension mechanism, kinematics, optimal synthesis. RESUMENEl artículo se ocupa de un método general para la optimización multiobjetivo de los mecanismos de suspensión de las ruedas posteriores en términos de comportamiento cinemático. El mecanismo de suspensión se descompone en enlaces binarios básicos, y la síntesis cinemática se realizó por separado para cada uno de ellos. Las variables de diseño son las coordenadas globales de las ubicaciones de las articulaciones en el chasis. La disposición de las articulaciones en el soporte de la rueda se estableció exclusivamente por criterios constructivos. Los objetivos de diseño se refieren a la posición de los parámetros cinemáticos de la rueda. El propósito de la optimización consiste en minimizar estas variaciones. Un programa informático para el estudio cinemático fue desarrollado en C ++. La aplicación numérica se llevó a cabo para el mecanismo de suspensión de un vehículo monoplaza.Palabras clave: Automóvil, mecanismo de suspensión de la rueda, cinemática, síntesis óptima.

Method for the quasi-static analysis of beam axle suspension systems used for road vehicles

“…This algorithm could be used to minimize the undesirable motions in the axle guiding mechanism (such as the transversal and longitudinal displacements of the axle, the rotation of the axle around its own axis and the yaw rotation of the axle around the vertical axis), which would reduce the loading state (reaction forces and torques) in the suspension elements, positively impacting the reliability and durability of the suspension system. This work will be carried out by adapting the method developed in Alexandru and Ţoţu 34 for the multi-criteria optimization of the wheel guiding mechanisms with independent suspension. In addition, the following study, which will be presented in future work, will integrate this adapted method into a general quasi-static analysis and optimization algorithm for beam axle suspension systems.…”

Method for the Kinematic Analysis of the Vehicle Axle Guiding Mechanisms

“…(18). Once the global coordinates of the three specific points (Gs, Gd, G) have been determined, the parameters / functions that describe the kinematic behavior of the axle guiding mechanism can be computed by using the equations (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). At the same time, the correlation between the length of the shock absorber and the vertical displacement/position of the wheel center (ZGs), which is more realistic when simulating the wheel passing over road bumps/irregularities, can be established.…”

Numerical Method for the Kinematic Analysis of the Spatial Multi-Link Mechanisms

“…In this case, the central element (i.e. the rod) of the mechanism is represented by the wheel carrier (6), which is guided in the relative motion to car body/chassis (the fixed base of the mechanism) by a set of five binary links (1-5), with spherical joints at both ends. Fig.…”