Method of histomorphometric assessment of glycosaminoglycans in articular cartilage

Shimizu, Choji; Coutts, Richard D.; Healey, Robert; Kubo, Toshikazu; Hirasawa, Yasusuke; Amiel, David

doi:10.1002/jor.1100150507

Cited by 43 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Sesamol-inhibited serum HAase as observed by zymogram and was further supported by increased GAGs content in joint sections. Arthritic joints imbibed less stain suggesting loss of GAGs and sesamoltreated rat joints stained thick as in saline control, suggesting restoration of GAGs [28]. Similarly, MMP-13, -3, -1 and -9 are significantly higher in synovial fluids and serum of arthritic patients [3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Attenuation of adjuvant-induced arthritis by dietary sesamol via modulation of inflammatory mediators, extracellular matrix degrading enzymes and antioxidant status

et al. 2012

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Purpose The dietary sesamol is one of the important constituent of sesame seed that has been mainly claimed to combat cardiovascular disease and diabetes, which are the major secondary complications of arthritis. Thus, the present study was designed to evaluate the anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory and anti-stress potentials of sesamol. Methods Arthritis was induced using Freund's complete adjuvant to hind paw of experimental rats. The physical and biochemical alterations and its recovery by sesamol were assessed by measuring enzymatic and non-enzymatic mediators. Arthritis-induced inflammation, oxidative stress and their protective by sesamol were measured by determining the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers. Results In the present study, sesamol was demonstrated to alleviate arthritis-induced cartilage degeneration by mitigating augmented serum levels of hyaluronidase and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-13, MMP-3 and MMP-9). It also protected bone resorption by reducing the elevated levels of bone joint exoglycosidases, cathepsin D and tartarate-resistant acid phosphatases. Sesamol also abrogated the non-enzymatic inflammatory markers (TNF, IL1b, IL-6, COX-2, PGE 2 , ROS, and H 2 O 2 ,) effectively. In addition, sesamol neutralizes arthritis-induced oxidative stress by restoring the levels of reactive oxygen species, lipid and hydro peroxides and sustained antioxidant homeostasis by re-establishing altered activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione-s-transferase. Conclusion Taken together, the study demonstrated the anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress and chondro-protective potentials of sesamol in vivo. Thus, sesamol could be a single bullet that can fight arthritis as well as the secondary complications of arthritis such as cardio vascular disorders and diabetes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Attenuation of adjuvant-induced arthritis by dietary sesamol via modulation of inflammatory mediators, extracellular matrix degrading enzymes and antioxidant status

et al. 2012

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“…These histomorphometrical methods have been used for semiquantitative analysis of the cartilage area for assessment of glycosaminoglycans in the articular cartilage stained with Safranin O [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chondromalacia induced by patellar subluxation: morphological and morphometrical aspects in rabbits

Sant'Anna

Apfel

2002

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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The purpose of this study was to describe morphologically and quantify the changes of the articular cartilage in chondromalacia, concerning both the chondrocytes and extracellular matrix. Eight rabbits were submitted daily to patellar subluxation, causing chondromalacia after two weeks. The knee fragments obtained were processed by the standard methods. These experimental conditions caused degenerative alterations of the articular cartilage, varying from a slight decrease of proteoglycans, to fibrillations, clefts, and horizontal splitting. The results showed a significantly increase number of chondrocytes (p < 0,000139), although smaller in size (p < 0,000109). The immobilization for 2 weeks and the intermittent passive daily motion afterwards for a period of 2 weeks, was effective to cause patellar chrondomalacia in rabbits.

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“…For histologic evaluation, dissected tibiae were fixed in glutaraldehyde, decalcified in 10% EDTA, embedded in JB4 resin, and sectioned longitudinally at 3 m thickness. They were then stained with Safranin O, a stain specific for cartilage proteoglycans (23), and counter-stained with Fast Green. This method was used to differentiate bone, which stains light green, from calcified cartilage, which stains red.…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alendronate Treatment for Infants with Osteogenesis Imperfecta: Demonstration of Efficacy in a Mouse Model

MCCARTHY

2002

Pediatric Research

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Recent non-placebo-controlled studies of the bisphosphonate pamidronate have shown it to be effective in reducing fractures and improving bone density in infants and children with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). To evaluate the effects of bisphosphonate treatment in a controlled study, the oim/oim mouse model of OI was studied. Nursing infant mouse pups (~2 wk old) with moderate to severe OI (oim/oim mouse) and age-and background-matched control mice (ϩ/ϩ) were treated either with the third-generation bisphosphonate alendronate (ALN), or with saline. Fracture risk, bone quality, and growth were evaluated over a 12-wk treatment period. ALN at a dose of 0.03 mg/kg/d or saline was administered via s.c. injection to infant oim/oim and wild-type (ϩ/ϩ) mice from 2 to 14 wk of age (n ϭ 20 per subgroup). The average number of fractures sustained by the ALN-treated oim/oim mice was reduced significantly compared with the untreated oim/oim mice (0.7 Ϯ 0.7 fractures/mouse versus 2.0 Ϯ 0.2 fractures/mouse). Bone density increased significantly in the femur and the spine with treatment (2.0 Ϯ 0.5 versus 1.2 Ϯ 0.5 in femur and 2.1 Ϯ 0.5 versus1.6 Ϯ 0.5 in spine). Histologic evaluation revealed the percentage of metaphyseal tibial bone increased significantly with treatment in both ϩ/ϩ and oim/oim mice. Mechanical testing revealed an increase in structural stiffness for both treated ϩ/ϩ and oim/oim mice compared with untreated animals. None of the material properties examined were significantly altered with treatment, nor was spinal curvature affected. Weight gain and long bone growth were comparable in the treated and untreated oim/oim mice. In wild-type mice, femur lengths were significantly shorter in the treated mice compared with untreated counterparts. This animal study demonstrates that treatment of OI in mice as early as 2 wk of age with ALN appears to be effective in reducing fractures and increasing bone properties. Based on the data from this study, ALN therapy in infants with OI should prove to be effective. Abbreviations OI, osteogenesis imperfecta oim/oim, mice homozygous for spontaneous mutation causing the skeletal defects of OI ؉/؉, wild-type mice AP, anteroposterior ML, mediolateral BMD, bone mineral density ALN, alendronate OI, also known as "brittle bone disease," occurs in about 1 in 20,000 births (1). The real incidence is probably higher because a significant number of children are not diagnosed at birth due to mild expression of the disease (2). OI is predominately a collagen defect, caused by heterogeneous genetic mutations that result in an array of clinical manifestations, ranging from blue sclerae and dentinogenesis imperfecta to extremely short stature and progressive limb/spine deformities secondary to multiple fractures. Surgical treatment of the extremities and spine are often indicated to stabilize the long bones and optimize functional ability and walking capacity. According to the Sillence classification (3) there are four forms of OI, although recent data has added additional variants (4). Typ...

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Method of histomorphometric assessment of glycosaminoglycans in articular cartilage

Cited by 43 publications

References 20 publications

Attenuation of adjuvant-induced arthritis by dietary sesamol via modulation of inflammatory mediators, extracellular matrix degrading enzymes and antioxidant status

Attenuation of adjuvant-induced arthritis by dietary sesamol via modulation of inflammatory mediators, extracellular matrix degrading enzymes and antioxidant status

Chondromalacia induced by patellar subluxation: morphological and morphometrical aspects in rabbits

Alendronate Treatment for Infants with Osteogenesis Imperfecta: Demonstration of Efficacy in a Mouse Model

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