Method of Images for a Charge inside a Three-Layer Medium and Implementation of a Dirichlet Border Condition

Abstract

A process to apply the method of images for a charge located in a three-layer medium is presented. The images are found according to the boundary conditions between the layers for the electric field. The characteristics of the electric potential are also considered, thus the number of unknown variables becomesa guide to set the image charges needed to solve the problem. The results are compared with finite element simulations through the use of the software FEMM 4.2, showing good agreement. The found limitations of the process are also noted, mainly in regards to the dependence of the images on the coordinates where the field is to be calculated. The model obtained was applied to different cases, where it was seen that it was not limited to three material media only. Finally, the null potential boundary condition was applied, showing how the method of images could be applied to this type of problems.

A polytypic species revisited: Phylogenetic and morphological variation, taxonomic status, and geographical distribution ofTrachops(Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)

“…This species is widely distributed in eastern and southern Mexico, extending from Veracruz, in the southeast, southeastward through Central America, into South America, including Colombia, Venezuela, the Guyanas, Ecuador, northern and central Peru, Bolivia, Trinidad, as well as northern, southern, and central Brazil (Figure 7). This species occurs at elevations from sea level (e.g., Belem, Para, Brazil) up to 1800 m (Las Tolas, Pichincha, Ecuador; (Arcos et al 2007). Records of Trachops cirrhosus are predominantly associated with habitats in humid tropical forests, as well as sub-montane and montane forests.…”