Methodological Approach for the Study of Historical Centres of High Architectural Value Affected by Geo-Hydrological Hazards: The Case of Lanciano (Abruzzo Region—Central Italy)

Sciarra, Nicola; Mangifesta, Massimo; Carabba, Luigi; Mischiatti, Luigina

doi:10.3390/geosciences12050193

Geosciences

2022

DOI: 10.3390/geosciences12050193

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Methodological Approach for the Study of Historical Centres of High Architectural Value Affected by Geo-Hydrological Hazards: The Case of Lanciano (Abruzzo Region—Central Italy)

Nicola Sciarra

Massimo Mangifesta

Luigi Carabba³

et al.

Abstract: The study of geo-hydrological problems in urban contexts of considerable historical importance plays an extremely interesting role in the safeguarding of architectural and artistic assets of great value. The need to guarantee the conservation of monumental heritage is an ethical and moral requirement that new generations have a duty to support. Operating in urbanised contexts is extremely difficult, due to the presence of infrastructures and underground services that prevent the execution of classical surveys … Show more

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2024

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Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

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A Methodologic Approach to Study Large and Complex Landslides: An Application in Central Apennines

Mangifesta,

Aringoli,

Pambianchi

et al. 2024

Geosciences

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The evaluation of landslide hazards in seismic areas is based on a deterministic analysis, which is unable to account for various uncertainties in the analysis process. This paper focuses on the probabilistic local seismic hazard analysis and extends the results to the landslide hazard analysis to consider both the uncertainties of the ground deformations and the strengths. The work studies the areas between Nibbiano and Sant’Erasmo hamlets in the Camerino municipality located in central Italy, where all constructions present evidence of damage caused by both the seismic sequence of 2016–2017 and the slope instability. An exhaustive geological and geophysical investigation has clarified the geological, geomorphological, and hydrogeological characteristics of the area, enabling a new characterization of material stress-strain behaviour. The study reveals that the low stiffness of the debris covers, and their fair degree of permeability contribute to potential instability scenarios triggered by both intense rainfall and the effects of strong earthquakes. The goal was to utilize the results to support local urban planning because in-depth knowledge of the possible evolutionary scenarios of the slopes is fundamental to the management of the degree of danger for structures, especially for people. Moreover, it was shown once again how a multi-source approach, with different investigation techniques, cannot be ignored for the study of the evolution of complex landslides.

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A Methodologic Approach to Study Large and Complex Landslides: An Application in Central Apennines

Mangifesta,

Aringoli,

Pambianchi

et al. 2024

Geosciences

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Back Analysis of a Real Debris Flow, the Morino-Rendinara Test Case (Italy), Using RAMMS Software

Pasculli,

Zito,

Sciarra

et al. 2024

Land

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Debris flows are a dynamic and hazardous geological phenomenon, as by definition, debris flows are rapid, gravity-driven flows of saturated materials that often contain a mixture of water, rock, soil, and organic matter. They are highly destructive and occur in steep channels, posing a significant threat to infrastructure and human life. The dynamics of debris flows are complex due to their non-Newtonian behaviour and varying sediment–water interactions, making accurate modelling essential for risk mitigation and emergency planning. This paper reports and discusses the results of numerical simulations of back analyses aimed at studying the reconstruction of a real rapid debris flow. The selected test case is the event that occurred on 12 and 16 March 2021 along the Rio Sonno channel, a tributary of the Liri River, following the landslide event of Rendinara (Municipality of Morino, Abruzzo Region, Italy). There are significant flow sources in the area, fed by a highly fractured carbonaceous aquifer that extends immediately upslope of the detachment zone. The continuous flow influences the saturation level in the fine-grained sediments and favours the triggering of the debris flow. This phenomenon was simulated using the commercial RAMMS code, and the rheological model selected was “Voellmy fluid friction”. The modelling approaches used in this research are valid tools to estimate the volumes of materials involved in the flow-feeding process and for the purpose of possible mitigation works (debris flow-type dams, weirs, flow diversion, etc.).

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Cascading Landslide: Kinematic and Finite Element Method Analysis through Remote Sensing Techniques

Zito,

Mangifesta,

Francioni

et al. 2024

Remote Sensing

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Cascading landslides are specific multi-hazard events in which a primary movement triggers successive landslide processes. Areas with dynamic and quickly changing environments are more prone to this type of phenomena. Both the kind and the evolution velocity of a landslide depends on the materials involved. Indeed, rockfalls are generated when rocks fall from a very steep slope, while debris flow and/or mudslides are generated by fine materials like silt and clay after strong water imbibition. These events can amplify the damage caused by the initial trigger and propagate instability along a slope, often resulting in significant environmental and societal impacts. The Morino-Rendinara cascading landslide, situated in the Ernici Mountains along the border of the Abruzzo and Lazio regions (Italy), serves as a notable example of the complexities and devastating consequences associated with such events. In March 2021, a substantial debris flow event obstructed the Liri River, marking the latest step in a series of landslide events. Conventional techniques such as geomorphological observations and geological surveys may not provide exhaustive information to explain the landslide phenomena in progress. For this reason, UAV image acquisition, InSAR interferometry, and pixel offset analysis can be used to improve the knowledge of the mechanism and kinematics of landslide events. In this work, the interferometric data ranged from 3 January 2020 to 24 March 2023, while the pixel offset data covered the period from 2016 to 2022. The choice of such an extensive data window provided comprehensive insight into the investigated events, including the possibility of identifying other unrecorded events and aiding in the development of more effective mitigation strategies. Furthermore, to supplement the analysis, a specific finite element method for slope stability analysis was used to reconstruct the deep geometry of the system, emphasizing the effect of groundwater-level flow on slope stability. All of the findings indicate that major landslide activities were concentrated during the heavy rainfall season, with movements ranging from several centimeters per year. These results were consistent with numerical analyses, which showed that the potential slip surface became significantly more unstable when the water table was elevated.

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Methodological Approach for the Study of Historical Centres of High Architectural Value Affected by Geo-Hydrological Hazards: The Case of Lanciano (Abruzzo Region—Central Italy)

Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

A Methodologic Approach to Study Large and Complex Landslides: An Application in Central Apennines

A Methodologic Approach to Study Large and Complex Landslides: An Application in Central Apennines

Back Analysis of a Real Debris Flow, the Morino-Rendinara Test Case (Italy), Using RAMMS Software

Cascading Landslide: Kinematic and Finite Element Method Analysis through Remote Sensing Techniques

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