Methodological aspects of heat balance components estimation on mountain glaciers

Toropov, P. A.; Шестакова, А. А.; Смирнов, А.М.

doi:10.2205/2017es000605

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Let us set the temperature of the ice surface to 0°C and the average wind speed to 4 m/s, according to the observations of the ice surface of the Djankuat Glacier, reported in Toropov et al . (), for example. If we then add the resulting temperature anomaly to the appropriate equations according to the theory of theory of Monin‐Obukhov, we obtain the turbulent heat flux increase of approximately 6 W/m 2 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The data on the average trends for glacier areas in the Greater Caucasus are taken from (Tielidze and Wheate, 2018). The trends for the reference glacier Dzhankuat are calculated based on our measurements of accumulation and ablation, as well as on the results reported in Popovnin (1989) and Toropov et al (2017). The integral accumulation is estimated based on 120-150 correlated test snow pits in the glacier accumulation area.…”

Section: Methodology For Assessing Changes In Climate and Mountain mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Large‐scale climatic factors driving glacier recession in the Greater Caucasus, 20th–21st century

Toropov

Aleshina

Grachev

2019

Intl Journal of Climatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Over the past 30 years, there has been a catastrophic reduction of the glacierized area in the mountains of the Greater Caucasus, with the values reaching 0.69% per year. Physical mechanisms accountable for such intense melting are investigated in this study. The main trends in the temperature‐moisture regime of the Caucasus and adjacent areas for the period 1982–2015 were recovered based on instrumental data and the ERA‐Interim data reanalysis. It is demonstrated that there is statistically significant warming for the summer season in the region as a whole. No statistically significant changes were detected in the precipitation regime, despite the increase in the integral moisture content of the atmosphere and in the potential convective energy. The integral moisture content growth is compensated by the increase in the moisture divergence. This happens due to the intensification of large‐scale descending atmospheric motions. As a result, the seasonal and annual precipitation amounts do not change significantly. Such effects are possibly the consequence of the global process of “widening of the tropics.” This process is most clearly manifested in the expansion of the Hadley cell and the northward shift of its descending branch. This process can lead to an increased frequency of anticyclones over the southern regions of Europe during the warm part of the year. This, in turn, leads to a negative cloud cover trend as well as an increase in the closely related radiation balance. Apparently, this process is the cause of the intensive reduction of the glaciation area in the North Caucasus.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodology For Assessing Changes In Climate and Mountain mentioning

confidence: 99%

Large‐scale climatic factors driving glacier recession in the Greater Caucasus, 20th–21st century

Toropov

Aleshina

Grachev

2019

Intl Journal of Climatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…According to different studies, a positive trend in annual precipitation sum of 5 % per decade is reported by Alekseev et al (2014), and no statically significant trend is reported for most of the North Caucasus by Toropov et al (2018a). An increase in annual precipitation sum was revealed for the majority of mountainous stations and several foothills located in the central part of the Northern Caucasus (Rets and Kireeva, 2010).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 94%

“…According to the majority of studies (Alekseev et al, 2014;Toropov et al, 2018a;Rets and Kireeva, 2010), a statistically significant positive trend in air temperature amounting to 0.7-1 • C per decade is observed during the summer period in the North Caucasus. A slight positive trend in the mean temperature in the ablation period (May to September), 0.3 • C per decade, has been observed at the Terskol meteorological station since the end of the 1970s.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Djankuat glacier station in the North Caucasus, Russia: a database of glaciological, hydrological, and meteorological observations and stable isotope sampling results during 2007–2017

Rets

Popovnin

Toropov

et al. 2019

Earth Syst. Sci. Data

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. This study presents a dataset on long-term multidisciplinary glaciological, hydrological, and meteorological observations and isotope sampling in a sparsely monitored alpine zone of the North Caucasus in the Djankuat research basin. The Djankuat glacier, which is the largest in the basin, was chosen as representative of the central North Caucasus during the International Hydrological Decade and is one of 30 “reference” glaciers in the world that have annual mass balance series longer than 50 years (Zemp et al., 2009). The dataset features a comprehensive set of observations from 2007 to 2017 and contains yearly measurements of snow depth and density; measurements of dynamics of snow and ice melting; measurements of water runoff, conductivity, turbidity, temperature, δ18O, δD at the main gauging station (844 samples in total) with an hourly or sub-daily time step depending on the parameter; data on δ18O and δ2H sampling of liquid precipitation, snow, ice, firn, and groundwater in different parts of the watershed taken regularly during melting season (485 samples in total); measurements of precipitation amount, air temperature, relative humidity, shortwave incoming and reflected radiation, longwave downward and upward radiation, atmospheric pressure, and wind speed and direction – measured at several automatic weather stations within the basin with 15 min to 1 h time steps; gradient meteorological measurements to estimate turbulent fluxes of heat and moisture, measuring three components of wind speed at a frequency of 10 Hz to estimate the impulse of turbulent fluxes of sensible and latent heat over the glacier surface by the eddy covariance method. Data were collected during the ablation period (June–September). The observations were halted in winter. The dataset is available from PANGAEA (https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.894807, Rets et al., 2018a) and will be further updated. The dataset can be useful for developing and verifying hydrological, glaciological, and meteorological models for alpine areas, to study the impact of climate change on hydrology of mountain regions using isotopic and hydrochemical approaches in hydrology. As the dataset includes the measurements of hydrometeorological and glaciological variables during the catastrophic proglacial lake outburst in the neighboring Bashkara valley in September 2017, it is a valuable contribution to study lake outbursts.

show abstract

“…The main purpose of meteorological measurements in the Djankuat research basin is to provide the data needed for calculating the components of the heat balance (Toropov et al, 2017;Toropov et al, 2018b), which is a necessary input for hydrological models. Aa an example, the presented meteorological data was successfully used to model the melting regime of the Djankuat glacier in 2007 by an A-Melt model of ice and snow melt in alpine areas (Rets, Kireeva, 2010).…”

Section: Meteorological Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Djankuat Glacier Station in the North Caucasus, Russia: A Database of complex glaciological, hydrological, meteorological observations and stable isotopes sampling results during 2007-2017

Rets¹,

Popovnin²,

Toropov³

et al. 2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The study presents a dataset on long-term complex glaciological, hydrological, meteorological observations and isotopes sampling in an extremely underreported alpine zone of the North Caucasus. The Djankuat research basin is of 9.1 km2, situated on elevations between 2500–4000 m, by 30 % covered with glaciers. The biggest in the basin – the Djankuat glacier was chosen as representative of the central North Caucasus during the International Hydrological Decade and is one of 30 "reference" glaciers in the world that have annual mass balance series longer than 50 years (Zemp et al., 2009). The dataset covers 2007–2017 and contains the result of yearly measurements of snow thickness and density; dynamics of snow and ice melting; measurements of water runoff, conductivity, turbidity, temperature, δ18O, δ2H on the main gauging station (844 samples in sum) with a one-hour or several-hours step depending on the parameter; data on δ18O and δ2H sampling of liquid precipitation, snow, ice, firn, groundwater in different parts of the watershed regularly in time during melting season (485 samples in sum); precipitation amount, air temperature, relative humidity, shortwave incoming and reflected radiation, longwave downward and upward radiation, atmospheric pressure, wind speed and direction – measured on several automatic weather stations within the basin with 15 min – one-hour step; gradient meteorological measurements to estimate turbulent fluxes of heat and moisture, measuring three components of wind speed at a frequency of 10 hertz to estimate the turbulent impulse heat fluxes over the glacier surface by the eddy covariance method. All the observations were done during ablation period (June–September) and were interrupted in winter. The dataset was published on knb.ecoinformatics.org long-term repository doi:https://doi.org/10.5063/F1H1307Q and will be further updated. The dataset can be useful for developing and verifying hydrological, glaciological and meteorological models for high elevation territories, to study impact of climate change on hydrology of mountain regions, using isotopic and hydrochemical approaches to study mountain territories. As the dataset includes the measurements of hydrometeorological and glaciological parameters during the catastrophic proglacial lake outburst in the neighboring Bashkara valley in September 2017, it is a valuable contribution to the study of this dangerous hydrological phenomena.

show abstract

Methodological aspects of heat balance components estimation on mountain glaciers

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Large‐scale climatic factors driving glacier recession in the Greater Caucasus, 20th–21st century

Large‐scale climatic factors driving glacier recession in the Greater Caucasus, 20th–21st century

Djankuat glacier station in the North Caucasus, Russia: a database of glaciological, hydrological, and meteorological observations and stable isotope sampling results during 2007–2017

Djankuat Glacier Station in the North Caucasus, Russia: A Database of complex glaciological, hydrological, meteorological observations and stable isotopes sampling results during 2007-2017

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About