Methodology for analyzing microelement behavior in blast furnace smelting

Behavior of Chromium, Nickel, Lead, Zinc, Cadmium, and Mercury in the Blast Furnace—A Critical Review of Literature Data and Plant Investigations

“…Moreover, this is only possible at temperatures of 1300−1600 °C, at which gaseous nickel hydride may develop and Ni atoms from the coke are gasified. 14 Morf 46 also reported that nickel will mostly accumulate in the HM (93%). Just 3.3% of the total nickel output has been detected in the slag.…”

“…Nickel in the Outputs of the Blast Furnace. Chernousov et al 14 investigated the behavior of nickel in different integrated steel plants (see Table 4). They noted that nickel is easily reduced under blast furnace conditions and almost entirely dissolves in iron.…”

“…However, only a few recently conducted studies involve the behavior of heavy metals in the blast furnace process. Because of the very low amounts present, heavy metals, according to Chernousov et al, 14 belong to the so-called "microelements". Microelements in an industrial process are characterized by concentrations of <0.1 wt %.…”

“…However, only a few recently conducted studies involve the behavior of heavy metals in the blast furnace process. Because of the very low amounts present, heavy metals, according to Chernousov et al, belong to the so-called “microelements”. Microelements in an industrial process are characterized by concentrations of <0.1 wt %. , Although the amounts of heavy metals inserted unintentionally (as they are present at low contents in different input materials) are very small, compared to the major elements iron and carbon, their impacts are complex.…”

“…Because of the very low amounts present, heavy metals, according to Chernousov et al, belong to the so-called “microelements”. Microelements in an industrial process are characterized by concentrations of <0.1 wt %. , Although the amounts of heavy metals inserted unintentionally (as they are present at low contents in different input materials) are very small, compared to the major elements iron and carbon, their impacts are complex. On the one hand, they may influence process stability (e.g., zinc, lead) and product and byproduct quality (e.g., chromium, nickel) .…”