Methodology for the non–destructive characterization of jadeite-jade for archaeological studies

Manrique-Ortega, M.D.; Mitrani, Alejandro; Casanova‐González, Edgar; Jiménez-Galindo, L.A.; Ruvalcaba‐Sil, José Luis

doi:10.1016/j.saa.2019.03.057

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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Section: Raman and Ftir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 65%

“…weaker peaks at 785, 758, 740, and 719 cm −1 in all the FTIR spectra of diopside are due to albite [42], always co-present with diopside in this gem. The FTIR spectra of omphacite (e.g., in points 13, 16) can be identified by the strong modes at 964 cm −1 (ν Si-O) and 1064 cm −1 (νas Si-O-Si), as well as by the Si-O stretching weaker peaks at 785, 758, 740, and 719 cm −1 in all the FTIR spectra of diopside are due to albite [42], always co-present with diopside in this gem. The FTIR spectra of omphacite (e.g., in points 13, 16) can be identified by the strong modes at 964 cm −1 (ν Si-O) and 1064 cm −1 (νas Si-O-Si), as well as by the Si-O stretching The FTIR reflectance spectra of diopside (Figure 12a) show broad bands at 1094, 1006, and 970-964 cm −1 attributed to the characteristic Si-O stretching modes of the SiO 4 tetrahedron, while the sharp peak at 669 cm −1 and the other peak at 875-870 cm −1 are assigned to the non-bridging bending vibration of O-Si-O and non-bridging stretching mode of Si-O, respectively [39][40][41].…”

Section: Raman and Ftir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 65%

“…These differences could be due to different orientations of diopside crystals within the gem or to variations in the elemental composition of non-stoichiometric diopside phases. The strong reflectance band at 1044-1037 cm −1 as well as the sequence of weaker peaks at 785, 758, 740, and 719 cm −1 in all the FTIR spectra of diopside are due to albite [42], always co-present with diopside in this gem.…”

Section: Raman and Ftir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 74%

“…The FTIR spectra of omphacite (e.g., in points 13, 16) can be identified by the strong modes at 964 cm −1 (ν Si-O) and 1064 cm −1 (ν as Si-O-Si), as well as by the Si-O stretching bands at 1120, 1100, and 886 cm −1 (Figure 12b) [39,42]. In some omphacitic regions of the sample, e.g., in correspondence of area 3, 4, 15 of the gem, the FTIR spectra display some differences with respect to the FTIR spectrum of omphacite (e.g., pattern Omp16 in Figure 12b).…”

Section: Raman and Ftir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Insights for Gem-Quality Mn-Bearing Diopside-Omphacite, Violane Variety, from Saint Marcel (Val D’Aosta, Italy): Its Trace Elements and Spectroscopic Characterization

et al. 2021

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This study proposes new data on the rare pyroxene, variety violane, sampled from its type locality, Praborna manganese deposit, near Saint Marcel (Val d’Aosta, Italy). Violane is very appreciated as a gemstone for its different hues of violet-blue color and is characterized by its diopsidic or omphacitic composition. To assess the possible causes of color, electron-probe microanalysis (EMPA) and laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA–ICP–MS) were used to establish the chemical composition. Raman and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, ideal for the non-destructive analysis, identified the different present phases directly on gemstone. Raman and FTIR spectra highlighted the presence, in the same sample, of diopside and omphacite showing almost inappreciable violet hue difference. The two minerals were easily differentiated by microprobe analyses and showed a compositional heterogeneity not linked to the different colors. The best way to detect the color-causing elements in microcrystalline violanes resulted in the analysis of trace elements and their quantification. An enrichment of Ti and Li characterizes darker violet omphacite and that of V and rare-earth elements (REE) the lilac-lavender or light violet-blue diopside. In general, our results led us to say that the color changes, previously proposed as due to Mn both in divalent and trivalent oxidation state, may be controlled by trace elements or by concentration of minor elements, such as Fe, and their oxidation state. REE patterns showed a negative anomaly of Ce that could be ascribed to the variation of the oxygen chemical potential occurring in the ore. The new data, combined with previous results, may provide new constrains on the processes that generated the Mn-rich deposit of Praborna.

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Section: Raman and Ftir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Raman and Ftir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Raman and Ftir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Raman and Ftir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

New Insights for Gem-Quality Mn-Bearing Diopside-Omphacite, Violane Variety, from Saint Marcel (Val D’Aosta, Italy): Its Trace Elements and Spectroscopic Characterization

et al. 2021

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“…Jade objects and amulets, symbolizing nobility, perfection, constancy, and immortality have been very valued in Chinese culture [48,49]. Jade was also used to make weapons and tools due to its resistance and hardness.…”

Section: Stones and Religionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Forerunners on Heritage Stones Investigation: Historical Synthesis and Evolution

Freire-Lista

2021

Heritage

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Human activity has required, since its origins, stones as raw material for carving, construction and rock art. The study, exploration, use and maintenance of building stones is a global phenomenon that has evolved from the first shelters, manufacture of lithic tools, to the construction of houses, infrastructures and monuments. Druids, philosophers, clergymen, quarrymen, master builders, naturalists, travelers, architects, archaeologists, physicists, chemists, curators, restorers, museologists, engineers and geologists, among other professionals, have worked with stones and they have produced the current knowledge in heritage stones. They are stones that have special significance in human culture. In this way, the connotation of heritage in stones has been acquired over the time. That is, the stones at the time of their historical use were simply stones used for a certain purpose. Therefore, the concept of heritage stone is broad, with cultural, historic, artistic, architectural, and scientific implications. A historical synthesis is presented of the main events that marked the use of stones from prehistory, through ancient history, medieval times, and to the modern period. In addition, the main authors who have written about stones are surveyed from Ancient Roman times to the middle of the twentieth century. Subtle properties of stones have been discovered and exploited by artists and artisans long before rigorous science took notice of them and explained them.

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Locality determination of inky black omphacite jades from Myanmar and Guatemala by nondestructive analysis

Xing

Shi

Long³

et al. 2022

J Raman Spectroscopy

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Locality identification of high‐quality inky black omphacite jades (inky jades) from Myanmar and Guatemala is becoming increasingly urgent. In this study, Raman, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and energy‐dispersive X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy (EDXRF) were performed to distinguish samples of inky jade from the two localities. The Raman spectra revealed the presence of several types of minor minerals in Guatemalan samples, including titanite, albite, orthoclase, taramite, celsian, and cymrite, whereas the Myanmar samples consisted almost entirely of omphacite. Taramite and lath‐like celsian occurred only in Guatemalan samples and had significance in locality tracing. The Raman and FTIR reflectance spectra of omphacite shifted to low wavenumbers in proportional to isomorphic substitution Na+Al3+ → Ca2+(Mg2+, Fe2+). Semiquantitative calculations based on the Raman (~680 cm−1) and IR modes (~658, ~576, and ~424 cm−1) showed consistent jadeite end‐member components (~43% to ~64%) in the Myanmar samples, whereas those (~23% to ~87.5%) of the Guatemalan samples were wider and generally lower. In addition, the full width at half maximum values (FWHMs) of Raman shifts near 680 cm−1 in the Myanmar samples (avg. 15.03 cm−1) were less than those (avg. 16.81 cm−1) of the Guatemalan specimens. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) based on Raman spectroscopy identified most samples with accuracy of 85.5%. Combined with results by EDXRF, these analyses revealed the characteristics of a relatively narrow range of Na+Al3+ → Ca2+Mg2+ isomorphism for the Myanmar jades and a more developed Na+Al3+ → Ca2+(Mg2+, Fe2+) isomorphism for the Guatemalan jades. This study might have implications for commercial applications, archeological research, and judicial expertise.

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Methodology for the non–destructive characterization of jadeite-jade for archaeological studies

Cited by 13 publications

References 68 publications

New Insights for Gem-Quality Mn-Bearing Diopside-Omphacite, Violane Variety, from Saint Marcel (Val D’Aosta, Italy): Its Trace Elements and Spectroscopic Characterization

New Insights for Gem-Quality Mn-Bearing Diopside-Omphacite, Violane Variety, from Saint Marcel (Val D’Aosta, Italy): Its Trace Elements and Spectroscopic Characterization

The Forerunners on Heritage Stones Investigation: Historical Synthesis and Evolution

Locality determination of inky black omphacite jades from Myanmar and Guatemala by nondestructive analysis

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