Methodology for the Sustainable Development of the Italy-Croatia Cross-Border Area: Sustainable and Multimodal/Cross-Border Passenger Services

Abstract

The efficient evaluation of the transport sector for the implementation of sustainable mobility solutions is a crucial challenge for governments and decisionmakers for strategically reducing the negative economic, social, and environmental impacts of transport. Current research trends on transport macromanagement indicate a lack of integrative and comprehensive approaches to mitigating transport sustainability parameters. Thus, a holistic perspective on transport macromanagement is deemed necessary for supporting the transition towards a more sustainable approach to transport macroplanning. This paper contributes to the development of transport macromanagement by offering insights, tools, and strategies for contemporary sustainable transitions in the transport sector. A methodology for sustainable and multimodal/cross-border passenger services for the Italy-Croatia cross-border area, with a systematic development cycle composed of six interconnected steps for fostering stakeholder cooperation, is proposed in this paper. Furthermore, a methodological framework, a SWOT analysis, and a gap analysis on the function of defining port improvement for the action plan are elaborated in this study. The study analysis is based on the international passenger terminal ports in a passenger liner service by using a survey analysis conducted among the port authorities in the cross-border area. Moreover, the main aim of the methodology is to provide a holistic framework for the sustainable development of a complex and multilayered transport environment that encompasses a multiplicity of various stakeholders.

Emphasis on Occupancy Rates in Carbon Emission Comparison for Maritime and Road Passenger Transportation Modes

“…The main approach to the transport planning process for the function of environmental protection includes the following steps: analysis of existing conditions, trend forecasts, identification of current and future demand and supply with possible further needs, prioritization of issues, shortand medium-term action plans, an operational strategy, and a financial plan [22]. This complexity is even greater in the specific case of the Italy-Croatia program, in which aspects of intermodality and multimodality between maritime, coastal, and hinterland competences are involved and in which technological aspects have or might have a significant weight in conditioning development programs [23].…”

Redirection aspects of Far East – Central Europe traffic flows: Facts, findings and future tendencies

“…Apart from the European Commission strategies, various and several initiatives took place towards the desired state of environmental appreciation. For instance, in [34], the role of the ports in their pollution reduction involvement is proposed through several procedures and initiatives, as presented in Table 5. Vessel impact-related port dues / penalties and incentives Table 5.…”

“…Vessel impact-related port dues / penalties and incentives Table 5. List of procedures/initiatives defining ports' involvement in pollution reduction [34][35] Although these initiatives refer to the wholesome pollution and waste reduction, they contain elements contributing to the transport process decarbonisation, as well as the enhancement of the transport sector environmental performance [36]. Abovementioned initiatives are considering ports as an entity in which all processes that contribute to the environmental impact are encompassed.…”