The scientific article is devoted to the research analysis of the influence of the key financial factors shaping the size of the enterprise profitability in the context of digital transformation of economy. The relevance of the study is due to the digitalization of business activities and markets which make management organizations take into account the impact of digital transformation on the financial condition and profitability of the business. The features of digitalization of commercial activities of enterprises in the economy of the Russian Federation are considered within the framework of the article. The main directions and technologies of digitalization, as well as the problems that hinder this process are described. The influence of the digitalization conditions of the economy on the process of creating key financial factors affecting the profitability of enterprises has been analyzed. In the conclusion of the article, the authors found out that the digitalization of the economy forms new directions for optimizing the costs of production activities and expanding the range of products and services at enterprises to create favorable conditions for financial stability, having a positive effect on the amount of business profit.