Methods and Clinical Issues in Bone Densitometry and Quantitative Ultrasonometry

Blake, Glen; Fogelman, Ignac

doi:10.1016/b978-012098652-1/50193-1

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This represents a significant problem in farm practice (Sanotra et al, 2001), because the market age of broilers is reduced to an age of 4-6 weeks, a period which precedes complete ossification. Variations in bone mineralization, bone strength (Reichmann and Connor, 1977) and poor mineralization have been associated with an increased risk of fractures (Blake and Fogelman, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary citric acid on the performance and mineral metabolism of broiler

Islam

Schaeublin²,

Wenk

et al. 2011

Animal Physiology Nutrition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary citric acid (CA) on the performance and mineral metabolism of broiler chicks. A total of 1720 Ross PM3 broiler chicks (days old) were randomly assigned to four groups (430 in each) and reared for a period of 35 days. The diets of groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 were supplemented with 0%, 0.25%, 0.75% or 1.25% CA by weight respectively. Feed and faeces samples were collected weekly and analysed for acid insoluble ash, calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and magnesium (Mg). The pH was measured in feed and faeces. At the age of 28 days, 10 birds from each group were slaughtered; tibiae were collected from each bird for the determination of bone mineral density, total ash, Ca, P, Mg and bone-breaking strength, and blood was collected for the measurement of osteocalcin, serum CrossLaps(®), Ca, P, Mg and 1,25(OH)(2)Vit-D in serum. After finishing the trial on day 37, all chicks were slaughtered by using the approved procedure. Birds that were fed CA diets were heavier (average body weights of 2030, 2079 and 2086 g in the 0.25%, 0.75% and 1.25% CA groups, respectively, relative to the control birds (1986 g). Feed conversion efficiency (weight gain in g per kg of feed intake) was also higher in birds of the CA-fed groups (582, 595 and 587 g/kg feed intake for 0.25%, 0.75% and 1.25% CA respectively), relative to the control birds (565 g/kg feed intake). The digestibility of Ca, P and Mg increased in the CA-fed groups, especially for the diets supplemented with 0.25% and 0.75% CA. Support for finding was also indicated in the results of the analysis of the tibia. At slaughter, the birds had higher carcass weights and higher graded carcasses in the groups that were fed the CA diets. The estimated profit margin was highest for birds fed the diet containing 0.25% CA. Birds of the 0.75% CA group were found to have the second highest estimated profit margin. Addition of CA up to a level of 1.25% of the diet increased performance, feed conversion efficiency, carcass weight and carcass quality, but only in numerical terms. The addition of CA up to 0.75% significantly increased the digestibility of macro minerals, bone ash content, bone mineral density and bone strength of the broiler chicks. It may, therefore, be concluded that the addition of 0.75% CA in a standard diet is suitable for growth, carcass traits, macromineral digestibility and bone mineral density of broiler chicks.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary citric acid on the performance and mineral metabolism of broiler

Islam

Schaeublin²,

Wenk

et al. 2011

Animal Physiology Nutrition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The major minerals that form the inorganic matrix of bone are calcium and phosphorus [2]. The extent of bone mineralization affects bone strength [2] and poor mineralization leads to increased risk of fractures [3]. Skeletal abnormalities and architectural deterioration of bone tissue are common under hot climatic conditions because a high environmental temperature leads to more excretion of minerals like calcium, iron, zinc and lower retention rates of minerals like calcium, phosphorus, sodium, manganese, copper and zinc resulting in decreased bone strength of broilers [4][5][6][7].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary coenzyme Q10 supplementation on serum and bone minerals and leg weakness mortality in broilers

Gopi¹,

Purushothaman²,

Chandrasekaran³

2014

Vet World

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bone Density Measurement

Qin¹,

Mittra²

2006

Encyclopedia of Medical Devices and Instrumentation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bone degeneration, i.e., osteoporosis, remains a major public health problem through its association with fragility fractures. Bone mineral density (BMD) measurement is a clinical tool to diagnose osteoporosis or low bone density, predict the risk of fracture, and monitor changes in bone density over time. Assessment of BMD has become as essential element in the early evaluation of patients at risk for osteopenia and osteoporosis. The noninvasive measurement of BMD is done with a variety of technologies for many different skeletal sites. Many image modalities and techniques have been developed to improve the quality and the accuracy of the measurement for bone mineral and dense assessment. There are two major densitometry techniques commonly used in assessing bone density, i.e., radiography‐based densitometry and ultrasound‐based assessment. Dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) and quantitative ultrasound (QUS) are two current acceptable modalities for bone density testing and the assessment tools for predicting fracture risk. Growing awareness of the impact of osteoporosis on the elderly population and the consequent costs of health care, together with development of new treatments to prevent fractures, have led to a rapid increase in the demand for bone densitometry measurements. The historical development, their working principles, strengths, and limitations of these technologies will be discussed in this article.

show abstract

Methods and Clinical Issues in Bone Densitometry and Quantitative Ultrasonometry

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of dietary citric acid on the performance and mineral metabolism of broiler

Effect of dietary citric acid on the performance and mineral metabolism of broiler

Effect of dietary coenzyme Q10 supplementation on serum and bone minerals and leg weakness mortality in broilers

Bone Density Measurement

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About