Methods and results of characterization of organic emissions from an indoor material

Sanchez, David C.; Mason, Mark A.; Norris, Carolyn

doi:10.1016/0004-6981(87)90010-2

Cited by 39 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The particleboard underlayment sample was originally purchased from a retail store in 1984 10 and stored under laboratory conditions through October 1985. Particleboard specimens were then trimmed to an area of 0.065 m 2 (i.e., about 0.014 X 0.023 m) and edge coated with NaSiO 4 .…”

Section: Preparation and Conditioning Of Test Specimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interlaborafory Comparison of Formaldehyde Emissions from Particleboard Underlayment in Small-Scale Environmental Chambers

Matthews

Wilson

Thompson

et al. 1987

JAPCA

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Section: Preparation and Conditioning Of Test Specimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interlaborafory Comparison of Formaldehyde Emissions from Particleboard Underlayment in Small-Scale Environmental Chambers

Matthews

Wilson

Thompson

et al. 1987

JAPCA

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“…Such particles result in a deterioration of the air quality and are thus of particular concern in confined, indoor environments, where their concentrations may exceed the levels regarded as safe for human health. Previous studies have shown a strong correlation between sick building syndrome (SBS) and indoor air pollution (Sanchez et al, 1987;Burge, 2004;Jaakkola et al, 2007). Specifically, the onset of SBS, which comprises a series of symptoms such as eye irritation, airway dryness, headaches, sleepiness, skin rashes, and so on, has been attributed to the presence of biological microbes or their components (World Health Organization [WHO], 2002;Mendell et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disinfection efficiency of chlorine dioxide gas in student cafeterias in Taiwan

Hsu

Huang

2012

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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In Taiwan, the food and drink requirements of students and faculty members are met by student cafeterias. The air quality within these cafeterias should satisfy the guidelines laid down by the Taiwan Environmental Protection Agency (Taiwan EPA). Accordingly, this study performed an experimental investigation into the efficiency of two different gaseous chlorine dioxide (ClO 2 ) treatments in disinfecting a local student cafeteria, namely a single, one-off application and a twice-daily application. In both cases, the ClO 2 was applied using strategically placed aerosol devices. The air quality before and after disinfection was evaluated by measuring the bioaerosol levels of bacteria and fungi. Moreover, a stepwise discriminant analysis method was applied for predicting the residual concentrations of bacteria and fungi, as a function of the environmental parameters and the ClO 2 concentration. The experimental results showed that the average background levels of bacteria and fungi prior to ClO 2 disinfection were 972.5 AE 623.6 and 1534.1 AE 631.8 colony-forming units (CFU)/m 3 , respectively. A single ClO 2 application was found to reduce the bacterial and fungal concentration levels by as much as 65% and 30%, respectively. By contrast, a twice-daily ClO 2 application was found to reduce the bacterial and fungal concentration levels by as much as 74% and 38%, respectively. The statistical analysis results showed that the residual bacterial concentration level was determined primarily by the number of individuals present in the cafeteria, the temperature, and the ClO 2 concentration, whereas the residual fungal concentration level was determined mainly by the temperature, the total number of suspended particles, and the ClO 2 concentration. Thus, the integrated results suggest that the air quality guidelines prescribed by the Taiwan EPA for student cafeteria can best be achieved by applying ClO 2 twice daily using an appropriate deployment of aerosol devices.Implications: ClO 2 gas can destroy all manner of microorganisms, including bacteria, spores, fungi, viruses, and even protozoans, in indoor environments. Moreover, it is popularly known that bioaerosols are able to grow and propagate on a wide variety of building materials and indoor surfaces. Thus, through optimal ClO 2 disinfection methodology, the indoor microbial contaminants can be decreased and the residual concentrations of bacteria and fungi as a function of the environmental parameters and the ClO 2 concentration can be predicted via some statistical techniques.

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“…Research has shown that prolonged exposure to bioaerosols in indoor environments may lead to infectious disease, sick building syndrome, or organic dust toxic syndrome (Sanchez et al 1987). Furthermore, elevated levels of particulate air pollution are associated with decreased lung function, increased respiratory symptoms such as coughing, shortness of breath, wheezing and asthma attacks, as well as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease, and lung cancer (WHO 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of chlorine dioxide for disinfection of student health centers

Hsu

Huang

2011

Environ Monit Assess

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In Taiwan, the immediate health care requirements of students and faculty members are satisfied by on-campus medical service centers. The air quality within these centers should comply with the guidelines laid down by the Taiwan Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Accordingly, this study performed an experimental investigation into the efficiency of various chlorine dioxide applications in disinfecting a local student health center (SHC). The air quality before and after disinfection were evaluated in terms of the bioaerosol levels of bacteria and fungi. The average background levels of bacteria and fungi before disinfection were found to be 1,142 ± 455.4 CFU/m 3 and 520 ± 442.4 CFU/m 3 , respectively. Chlorine dioxide (0.3 mg/m3 ) was applied using three different methods, namely a single, one-off application, multiple applications within a single day, and regular (daily) applications. Among the three disinfection methods, the regular application method was found to yield a high disinfection efficiency for both bacteria and fungi, i.e., 6.5 ± 0.7% and 4.2 ± 0.3%, respec- tively. The average residual bacteria and fungi levels after regular daily interval disinfection were 318.8 ± 51.5 CFU/m 3 and 254.0 ± 43.8 CFU/m 3 , respectively. Therefore, the results suggest that the air quality guidelines prescribed by the Taiwan EPA for SHCs and other healthcare facilities can best be achieved by applying chlorine dioxide at regular (daily) intervals.

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Methods and results of characterization of organic emissions from an indoor material

Cited by 39 publications

References 5 publications

Interlaborafory Comparison of Formaldehyde Emissions from Particleboard Underlayment in Small-Scale Environmental Chambers

Interlaborafory Comparison of Formaldehyde Emissions from Particleboard Underlayment in Small-Scale Environmental Chambers

Disinfection efficiency of chlorine dioxide gas in student cafeterias in Taiwan

Application of chlorine dioxide for disinfection of student health centers

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