Methods for Improving Alpha-Mangostin Solubility: A Review

Fajeriyati, Nurul; Muchtaridi, Muchtaridi; Sopyan, Iyan

doi:10.22159/ijap.2021v13i4.39065

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Several studies indicate that mangosteen peel extract containing α-mangostin exhibits potent antioxidant activity and the ability to promote wound healing. This suggests its potential effectiveness in formulating pharmacologically beneficial agents for wound healing (Fajeriyati, Muchtaridi and Sopyan, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

α-Mangostin hydrogel film with chitosan alginate base for recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) treatment: study protocol for double-blind randomized controlled trial

Vitamia,

Iftinan,

Latarissa

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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Background: Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS) is a common ulcerative disease of the oral mucosa which is characterized by pain, and recurrent lesions in the oral cavity. This condition is quite painful, causing difficulty in eating, speaking and swallowing. Topical medications have been used for this condition, but the obstacle in using topical medications is the difficulty of achieving drug effects due to saliva wash out. This problem can be overcome by film hydrogel formulation which can protect the ulcer and reduce the pain to some extent. α-mangostin is a xanthone isolated from the rind of the mangosteen fruit. One of the activities of α-mangostin is anti-inflammatory effects, which operate through the characteristic mechanism of inhibiting the inflammatory response. This protocol study aims to investigate the efficacy of an α-mangostin hydrogel film with a chitosan alginate base for recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) in comparison with a placebo over a period of 7 days.Study design: This is a two-arm, double blinding, randomized controlled trial enrolling patients with RAS. The efficacy test of α-mangostin Hydrogel Film will be tested against the placebo. Patients with RAS will be allocated randomly into the two arms and the hydrogel film will be administered for 7 days. The diameter of ulcer and visual analog scale (VAS) score will be used as the primary efficacy endpoint. The outcome measure will be compared between the two arms at the baseline, day 3, day 5, and at the end of 7 days.Discussion: The purpose of this clinical research is to provide scientific evidence on the efficacy of α-mangostin hydrogel film with a chitosan alginate basis in treating recurrent aphthous stomatitis. The trial is expected to improve our capacity to scientifically confirm the anti-inflammatory effectiveness of α-mangostin compounds in a final formulation that is ready to use.Trial registration: NCT06039774 (14 September 2023).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

α-Mangostin hydrogel film with chitosan alginate base for recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) treatment: study protocol for double-blind randomized controlled trial

Vitamia,

Iftinan,

Latarissa

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…Di lain pihak, pelarut minyak jagung (vegetable oil) memiliki potensi yang lebih baik dalam meningkatkan solubilitas, sementara PEG 400 lebih baik dalam meningkatkan permeabilitas. 18 Intervensi pada penelitian ini dilakukan selama 2 minggu karena penelitian terdahulu yang juga menggunakan pelarut minyak jagung telah menemukan bahwa alfamangostin sudah mampu menghambat kerusakan photoreceptor mata hanya dalam 7 hari. 13 Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa alfamangostin dosis 7 mg/KgBB dapat menurunkan kadar LDL secara bermakna pada tikus yang diinduksi dengan pakan tinggi lemak.…”

Section: Diskusiunclassified

Peran Alfamangostin dalam Minyak Jagung dalam Memperbaiki Profil Lipid pada Tikus yang Diinduksi Pakan Tinggi Lemak

Tjahjani,

Jasaputra,

Permadi

et al. 2024

J Indon Med Assoc

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Pendahuluan: Alfamangostin merupakan kandungan dari ekstrak kulit buah manggis (Garcinia mangostana L) yang berpotensi sebagai terapi dislipidemia. Namun, alfamangostin memiliki sifat kelarutan yang rendah sehingga bioavailabilitas rendah bila diberikan secara oral. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari potensi alfamangostin yang dilarutkan dalam minyak jagung terhadap profil lipid serum secara in vivo.Metode: Uji dilakukan terhadap 24 ekor Rattus norvegicus galur Sprague Dawley yang dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok perlakuan (NC, HFD, CO, D1, D2, dan Sim), masing-masing 4 ekor/kelompok scara acak. Setelah aklimatisasi 1 minggu, setiap kelompok diberi perlakuan: pakan standar selama 4 minggu (NC), pakan tinggi lemak + propiltiourasil (PTU) selama 4 minggu (HFD), HFD + minyak jagung (CO), HFD + alfamangostin dalam minyak jagung 7 mg/KgBB (D1), HFD + alfamangostin dalam minyak jagung 35 mg/KgBB (D2), serta HFD + simvastatin 3,6 mg/KgBB (Sim). Perlakuan pada CO, D1, D2, dan Sim diberikan selama 2 minggu. Kadar kolesterol total, HDL, LDL, dan trigliserida serum diperiksa sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan, dan selisihnya dianalisis secara statistik.Hasil: Pemberian alfamangostin dosis 7 mg/KgBB (D1) dan minyak jagung (CO) menurunkan kadar kolesterol LDL secara bermakna (p<0,05), dan alfamangostin dosis 35 mg/KgBB (D2) menurunkan kadar trigliserida secara bermakna (p<0,05). Sementara itu, terdapat penurunan kadar kolesterol total dan peningkatan kadar HDL pada kelompok alfamangostin dan minyak jagung, namun tidak bermakna secara statistik (p>0,05).Kesimpulan: Alfamangostin dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol LDL dan trigliserida pada tikus yang diinduksi pakan tinggi lemak.

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“…As a xanthone, α-mangostin is a hydrophobic molecule affecting its solubility in aqueous environments, and is also known to have high permeation (146). The low solubility affects the bioavailability of the compound thus affecting final dose (147).…”

Section: Toxicity and Bioavailability Of α-Mangostinmentioning

confidence: 99%

The metabolic and molecular mechanisms of α‑mangostin in cardiometabolic disorders (Review)

et al. 2022

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α-mangostin is a xanthone predominantly encountered in Garcinia mangostana. Extensive research has been carried out concerning the effects of this compound on various diseases, including obesity, cancer and metabolic disorders. The present review suggests that α-mangostin exerts promising anti-obesity, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, cardioprotective, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on various pathways in cardiometabolic diseases. The anti-obesity effects of α-mangostin include the reduction of body weight and adipose tissue size, the increase in fatty acid oxidation, the activation of hepatic AMP-activated protein kinase and Sirtuin-1, and the reduction of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ expression. Hepatoprotective effects have been revealed, due to reduced fibrosis through transforming growth factor-β 1 pathways, reduced apoptosis and steatosis through reduced sterol regulatory-element binding proteins expression. The antidiabetic effects include decreased fasting blood glucose levels, improved insulin sensitivity and the increased expression of GLUT transporters in various tissues. cardioprotection is exhibited through the restoration of cardiac functions and structure, improved mitochondrial functions, the promotion of M2 macrophage populations, reduced endothelial and cardiomyocyte apoptosis and fibrosis, and reduced acid sphingomyelinase activity and ceramide depositions. The antioxidant effects of α-mangostin are mainly related to the modulation of antioxidant enzymes, the reduction of oxidative stress markers, the reduction of oxidative damage through a reduction in Sirtuin 3 expression mediated by phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α signaling pathways, and to the increase in Nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 and heme oxygenase-1 expression levels. The anti-inflammatory effects of α-mangostin include its modulation of nuclear factor-κB related pathways, the suppression of mitogen-activated protein kinase activation, increased macrophage polarization to M2, reduced inflammasome occurrence, increased Sirtuin 1 and 3 expression, the reduced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, the production of nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2, the reduced expression of Toll-like receptors and reduced proinflammatory cytokine levels. These effects demonstrate that α-mangostin may possess the properties required for a suitable candidate compound for the management of cardiometabolic diseases. Contents1. Introduction 2. Anti-obesity effects of α-mangostin 3. Antidiabetic effects of α-mangostin 4. Anti-steatotic and hepatoprotective effects of α-mangostin 5. cardioprotective and anti-atherogenic effects of α-mangostin 6. Antioxidant effects of α-mangostin 7. Anti-inflammatory effects of α-mangostin 8. Toxicity and bioavailability of α-mangostin 9. Future perspectives 10. conclusions

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Methods for Improving Alpha-Mangostin Solubility: A Review

Cited by 6 publications

References 56 publications

α-Mangostin hydrogel film with chitosan alginate base for recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) treatment: study protocol for double-blind randomized controlled trial

α-Mangostin hydrogel film with chitosan alginate base for recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) treatment: study protocol for double-blind randomized controlled trial

Peran Alfamangostin dalam Minyak Jagung dalam Memperbaiki Profil Lipid pada Tikus yang Diinduksi Pakan Tinggi Lemak

The metabolic and molecular mechanisms of α‑mangostin in cardiometabolic disorders (Review)

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