Methods for the determination of intermediary enzymes in mixed cultures used for the purification of organic polluted waters

Kotzé, J.P

doi:10.1016/0043-1354(67)90032-2

Cited by 24 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The same activities were then measured after settling the sludge for 4 hours in a vessel excluding air or oxygen. The enzymes were extracted from a 50 ml sample according to the method of Kotze (10), by centrifugation at 35.000 g for 30 minutes at 4°C and sonication using a soniprobe type 20-200 S (Bioblock Instruments) operated at output setting 0-200 W. The sludge sample volume of 20 ml was contained in an icewater cooled vessel, and optimal sonication time was preliminarily determined in a range from 30 seconds to 15 minutes. (16,17).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic study of activated sludge in aerobic—anaerobic run

Florentz

Hartemann

1982

Environmental Technology Letters

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For the biological removal of phosphate during wastewater treatment an alternance of anaerobic and aerobic zones is necessary. Eight enzymes of the energy metabolism were determined in activated sludge during aerobic-anaerobic operation. No change of enzymatic activity could be determined when pilot plant sludge were switched from aerobic to anaerobic conditions, but this continuous alternation profondly changes the oxidative metabolism of the microorganisms as compared with a conventional treatment plant, especially for the tricarboxylic cycle.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic study of activated sludge in aerobic—anaerobic run

Florentz

Hartemann

1982

Environmental Technology Letters

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“…At that time in the United States, the major objective of secondary treatment processes was to remove the gross organic pollutants (measured by BOD and TSS), so that the appropriate sludge activity measures were those that reflected the overall activities of the aerobic heterotrophs in the culture. Thus, they included parameters such as specific oxygen uptake rate (milligrams oxygen per gram VSS per hour); organic matter removal rate (food-to-microorganism ratio [F/M], grams COD per gram VSS per day); dehydrogenase activity (milligrams triphenylformazan per gram VSS per day); and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentration (micrograms ATP per gram VSS) (Bucksteeg and Theile, 1959;Ford et al, 1966;Kotze, 1967). Weddle and Jenkins (1971) found that steady-state values of oxygen uptake rate (OUR), dehydrogenase activity, and ATP content all increased with activated sludge growth rate (decreased with SRT), if expressed on a VSS basis (i.e., activity per gram VSS per hour), but were fairly constant with activated sludge growth rate, if expressed on a viable cell basis (i.e., activity per gram viable cells per hour).…”

Section: Collective Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Total Suspended Solids to Molecular Biology Tools—A Personal View of Biological Wastewater Treatment Process Population Dynamics

Jenkins¹

2008

Water Environment Research

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The development of the tools needed to study the population dynamics of biological wastewater treatment processes is traced from its beginnings in the early 1900s to today's use of molecular biology tools (Oerther and Love, 2003). Examples of the benefits of population dynamics research in improving the performance and aiding the design and operation of biological wastewater treatment processes are given. Some thoughts on future areas of study are presented. Water Environ. Res., 80, 677 (2008).

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“…They were stored in an ice bath and were used within 30 min after their preparation. With the following exceptions, the enzymes were assayed as outlined by Kotze (1967): glucokinase was determined as described for hexokinase. The assays for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, and glutamate dehydrogenase were run with both nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) as coenzymes.…”

Section: Preparation Of Cell-fuee Enzyme Extractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reaction was started with 3.0 pmol fructose. The volumes were made up to 3.3 ml and the further details of the assays were as described by Kotze (1967).…”

Section: Preparation Of Cell-fuee Enzyme Extractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymes of intermediary metabolism of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and Ruminococcus albus grown under glucose limitation

Kistner¹,

Kotzé²

1973

Can. J. Microbiol.

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KISTNER, A., and J. P. KOTZB. 1973. Enzymes of intermediary metabolism of Butyriuibrio fibrisoluens and Ruminococcus albus grown under glucose limitation. Can. J. Microbiol. 19: 1119-1127. A survey was made of enzyme activities in cell-free extracts prepared from one strain each of B~rtyriuibriofibrisoluerrs and Ruminococcus albus, two anaerobic cellulolytic rumen bacteria, which had been grown in continuous culture on a defined medium under glucose limitation. In both organisms the enzymes of the glycolytic sequence up to the cleavage of hexosediphosphate were demonstrated, except that 6-phosphofructokinase activity in B.fibrisoluer~s was barely measurable. Instead, l-phosphofructokinase was found in this organism. The role of this enzyme in glucose-grown cells is uncertain. Phosphopyruvate hydratase and pyruvate kinase could not be detected in R. albus extracts and their activities were extremely low in B.fibrisolvens, thus posing a problem as to pyruvate production in these organisms. At least part of the tricarboxylic acid cycle appeared to be functional in both organisms.Since several or the enzymes of this cycle in B. fibrisoluer~s were NADP-dependent, rather than NAD-dependent, and other workers have shown that fumarate reductase activity exceeds succinate dehydrogenase activity by more than 3 :1, it is suggested that the tricarboxylic acid cycle may operate as a reductive cycle in this organism. Both organisms possessed fairly high activities of glutamate dehydrogenase and aspartate aminotransferase. The information obtained is inadequate to map out the pathways leading to the main end products of glucose fermentation.KISMER, A., et J. P. KorzB. 1973. Enzymes of intermediary metabolism of Butyriuibrio fibrisoluer~s and Ruminococc~s albus grown under glucose limitation. Can. J. Microbiol. 19: 11 19-1 127. Une etude a Ct C faite des activites enzymatiques d'extraits acellulaires prepares a partir d'une lignCe de chacune de deux bactkries cellulotiques anairobiques du rumen, Butyrivibriofibrisoluens et R~~mir~ococc~rs albus, lesquelles se sont dCveloppCes en culture continue dans un milieu defini sous des limitations de glucose. Chez les deux organismes, les enzymes de la sequence glycolytique jusqu'au clivage de l'hexosediphosphate furent dCmontrkes, except6 celui de la 6-phosphofructokinase chez B. fibrisoluens qui est rarement mesurable; cependant, la 1-phosphofructokinase est trouvte chez cet organisme. Le r81e de cette enzyme cllez des cellules dCveloppCes sur glucose est incertain. L'hydratase phosphopyruvate et ]a kinase pyruvate ne peuvent pas Ctre dCtectCes de R. albus et leurs activitks sont extrhement faibles chez B.fibrisolvens, posant alors un problkme en regard de la protection du pyruvate chez ces organisnles. AU moins une partie du cycle de I'acide tricarboxylique apparait &re fonctionnelle chez ces deux organismes.Coinme plusieurs des enzymes de ce cycle chez B. fibrisoluerrs sont dependants du NADP, au lieu du NAD, et que d'autres chercheurs ont montrk que I'activite de la reductase du funl...

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Methods for the determination of intermediary enzymes in mixed cultures used for the purification of organic polluted waters

Cited by 24 publications

References 2 publications

Enzymatic study of activated sludge in aerobic—anaerobic run

Enzymatic study of activated sludge in aerobic—anaerobic run

From Total Suspended Solids to Molecular Biology Tools—A Personal View of Biological Wastewater Treatment Process Population Dynamics

Enzymes of intermediary metabolism of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and Ruminococcus albus grown under glucose limitation

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