In this paper, we propose treating alignment shift as a process of functional markedness reversal in the domain of
semantically transitive constructions. We illustrate how this approach allows us to capture similarities between the alignment
shifts in Eskimo-Aleut and Western Austronesian languages, despite morphosyntactic differences in their voice systems. Using three
diagnostics of functional markedness (semantic transitivity, topic continuity of P, and discourse frequency), we compare
antipassive and ergative constructions in Eskimo-Aleut varieties and actor voice (av) and undergoer voice (uv)
constructions in Western Austronesian varieties. We argue that ergative alignment is equivalent to a functionally unmarked
P-prominent construction (e.g., ergative, uv), whilst accusative alignment is equivalent to a functionally unmarked
A-prominent construction (e.g., antipassive, av). On this basis, we claim that both language groups are undergoing a
parallel shift from ergative to accusative, since A-prominent constructions are functionally marked in more conservative
varieties, but lose their functionally marked character and begin to function as unmarked transitive constructions in more
innovative varieties.