A crucial component of agricultural output is water, and its production
can be reduced by shortage, which negatively affects food security. In
an effort to address this developing issue, irrigation was employed as
form of water management. Various irrigation methods were employed but
there were various limitation to those methods such as soil and water
erosion due to inability of soil moisture determination. This work
focusses on the creation of an irrigation system based on the Internet
of Things. The implementation was done using Arduino microcontroller
programmed in C programming Language. The application’s data on soil
moisture level, valve condition, and remote management of the smart
irrigation system were all displayed using an Arduino microcontroller.
In Nigeria, the smart irrigation system was tested on three different
soil types: clay, loam, and sandy. Data including the moisture reading
and irrigation time were acquired after inserting the moisture sensor
probe into the soil sample. The average time taken to irrigate clay,
loamy and sandy soil at 2kg, 5kg, 8kg and 10kg were 10.93s, 15s, 19.75s,
23.25s; 9.5s, 12.4s, 17s, 21.5s; 8.25s, 11.3s, 14.7s and 20.2s,
respectively. This system helps in reducing soil erosion, as it monitors
and reads soils moisture in real-time.