Methods of downstream processing for the production of biodiesel from microalgae

Kim, Jungmin; Yoo, Gursong; Lee, Hansol; Lim, Juntaek; Kim, Kyochan; Kim, Chul Woong; Park, Min; Yang, Ji‐Won

doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.04.006

Cited by 480 publications

(187 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…Denaturation of proteins can occur in alkali media and degradation of pigments in acid environments (G€ unerken et al, 2015). (2015), Gonçalves et al (2013Gonçalves et al ( ), G€ unerken et al (2015, Halim et al (2012a), Joannes et al (2015), Kim et al (2013), Kumar et al (2015), Lee et al (2012), McMillan et al (2013), Mubarak et al (2015), Passos et al (2015a,b), and Show et al (2015).…”

Section: (Bio)chemical Methods For Cell Wall Disruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, when compared to chemical and biological pretreatments, they require more sophisticated equipment and higher energy inputs for processing whereas the generated heat can damage the end products. Recently, the most used methods have been reviewed, for instance, by Al hattab and Ghaly (2015), G€ unerken et al (2015), Halim et al (2012a), Kim et al (2013), Kumar et al (2015), Lee et al (2012), McMillan et al (2013), Mubarak et al (2015), and Show et al (2015). Physical pretreatment is classified based on the nature of the forces causing cell wall disruption and could be subdivided into thermal and mechanical (solid and liquid share forces, waves, and currents) methods.…”

Section: Physical Methods For Cell Wall Disruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cell disruption technologies

Dhondt

Martín-Juárez

Bolado

et al. 2017

Microalgae-Based Biofuels and Bioproducts

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IntroductionAlgal cell walls separate the inside cell content from the environment to protect the cell against desiccation, pathogens, and predators while still allowing exchange of compounds. Toward application of algae biomass as a sustainable resource, disruption of this cell wall (¼cell disruption) is an essential pretreatment step to maximize product recovery in downstream processes of the algae biorefinery. Also for direct use of algae in feed or food, cell rupture is required to increase the bioavailability of algae constituents. Depending on the cell wall structure, the size, and the shape of algae, cell disruption can be challenging. A variety of cell disruption methods is currently available, and new approaches are being elaborated in parallel. Since downstream processing is responsible for a large part of the operational costs in the whole production chain, cell disruption technologies should be low cost and energy efficient and result preferably in high product quality. This chapter provides information on cell wall types and gives an overview of physical-mechanical and (bio-)chemical cell disruption technologies with attention to development stage, energy efficiency, product quality, costs, emerging approaches, and applicability on large scale. Cell wall types in various groups of microalgae and cyanobacteriaThe cell wall composition and architecture of algae and cyanobacteria are highly variable ranging from tiny membranes to multilayered complex structures. Despite the importance of algal cell wall properties in biotechnology, little structural information is available for most species (Scholz et al., 2014). Based on the complexity of surface structures, four cell types could be distinguished (Barsanti and Gualtieri, 2006;Lee, 2008) (Fig. 6.1). A simple cell membrane (Fig. 6.1, Type 1) is present in short-lived stages (e.g., gametes), chrysophytes, raphidophytes, green algae Dunaliella, and haptophytes Isochrysis. It consists of a lipid bilayer with integrated and peripheral proteins. Sometimes a cap of glycolipids and glycoproteins envelops the outer surface of cell membrane. Cell membranes with additional extracellular material are known in cyanobacteria and many groups of algae, including palmelloid phases. It is the most diverse cell wall type that includes various membrane-associated structures (cell wall, Microalgae-Based Biofuels and Bioproducts. http://dx

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Section: (Bio)chemical Methods For Cell Wall Disruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physical Methods For Cell Wall Disruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell disruption technologies

Dhondt

Martín-Juárez

Bolado

et al. 2017

Microalgae-Based Biofuels and Bioproducts

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“…When biomass concentrations between 100 and 200 g/L are used, the method is effective with energy utilization [10,11]. The disadvantages are up scaling the process as it requires an extensive cooling system for the prevention of thermal degradation of the product [28]. Bead milling proved to be the most efficient cell disruption technique for C. protothecoides with lipid recovery of 18.8% [29].…”

Section: Bead Millingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This technique offers various advantages which includes lower cooling cost, lower heat formation, no dead volume in reactor, easy scale up, and low risk of thermal degradation. Although the homogenizers have many advantages, it makes the use of a large amount of energy [28]. This technique can rupture even the most hard-surfaced algae like Nannochloropsis [33] and can be utilized to process pretreated concentrated paste [34] but for application in large-scale processing, the energy consumption should be considerably low.…”

Section: High-pressure Homogenizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Insight on Algal Cell Disruption for Biodiesel Production

Aarthy

Smita

Turkar

et al. 2018

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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Objective: This review article deals with the effect that various cell disruption techniques have on the efficiency of lipid extraction. We have reviewed existing algal cell disruption techniques that aid the biodiesel production process.Methods: Current rise in demand for energy has led the researcher to focus on the production of sustainable fuels, among which biodiesel has received greater attention. This is due to its larger lipid content, higher growth rate, larger biomass production, and lower land use. Extraction of lipid from algae (micro and macro) for the production of biodiesel involves numerous downstream processing steps, of which cell wall disruption is a crucial step. Bead milling, high-pressure homogenization, ultra-sonication, freeze-drying, acid treatment, and enzymatic lysis are some methods of cell disruption. The cell disruption technique needs to be optimized based on the structure and biochemical composition of algae. Result:The lipid extraction efficiency varies depending on the algal species and the cell disruption technique used. Conclusion:In-depth research and development of new techniques are required to further enhance the cell disruption of the algal cell wall for the enhanced recovery of lipids. In addition, the operating costs and energy consumption should also be optimized for the cost-effective recovery.

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“…Com relação aos processos envolvidos na obtenção do lipídeo microbiano, a recuperação da biomassa e a extração do material celular correspondem as duas etapas mais demoradas e com custos mais elevados (Kim et al, 2013). Desta forma, o uso da biomassa de Trichormus sp.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

COMPARAÇÃO DE DIFERENTES MÉTODOS EXTRATIVOS DE LIPÍDEOS A PARTIR DA BIOMASSA DE Trichormus sp. CENA77 VISANDO APLICAÇÃO NA SÍNTESE DE BIODIESEL

Rós¹,

Silva²,

Stenico³

et al. 2015

Anais Do XX Congresso Brasileiro De Engenharia Química

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RESUMO -O presente trabalho teve como objetivo comparar diferentes métodos de extração de lipídeos a partir da biomassa da cianobactéria Trichormus sp. CENA77. Quatro métodos extrativos foram testados para esta finalidade: Bligh e Dyer, Folch (empregando ultrassom); Folch (empregando micro-ondas) e 2-EE (2-etoxietanol). O material lipídico da cianobactéria foi quantificado e caracterizado quanto ao perfil de ácidos graxos. A análise comparativa dos resultados mostrou que os métodos que forneceram teores mais elevados de lipídeos foram 2-EE (25,8% m/m) e Folch conduzido no ultrassom (21,6% m/m). Com relação ao perfil de ácidos graxos, a matéria-prima lipídica apresentou aproximadamente 18% de ácidos graxos saturados e 82 % de ácidos graxos insaturados, com destaque para os ácidos oleico (48,57%), linoleico (29,48%) e palmítico (11,88%). INTRODUÇÃOA extração de lipídeos a partir de micro-organismos, em especial microalgas e cianobactérias é basicamente uma operação de transferência de massa, a qual depende da natureza do soluto e da seletividade do solvente, bem como o sistema empregado para conduzir o processo e o nível de convecção no meio (Araujo et al., 2013). A seleção de solventes adequados é essencial para o processo, tendo em vista que podem enfraquecer a estrutura da parede celular, facilitando o seu rompimento, e assim, a liberação do material lipídico. O solvente orgânico ideal deve apresentar as seguintes características: polaridade adequada aos lipídeos nas células, baixo custo de aquisição, fácil remoção, toxicidade nula, insolubilidade em água, reciclável e eficiente para dissolver os componentes de interesse (Chen et al., 2010). Muitos sistemas mecânicos e abordagens físico-químicas têm sido avaliados, aliados ao solvente extrator para promover a ruptura da parede celular dos micro-organismos, dentre os mais utilizados encontram-se os reatores de micro-ondas e ultrassons (Mercer, Armenta, 2011;Araujo et al., 2013).As cianobactérias tem se destacado perante a terceira geração de matéria-prima para produção de biodiesel. Dependendo da linhagem e condições de cultivo, elas podem sintetizar de Área temática: Processos Biotecnológicos 1

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Methods of downstream processing for the production of biodiesel from microalgae

Cited by 480 publications

References 114 publications

Cell disruption technologies

Cell disruption technologies

An Insight on Algal Cell Disruption for Biodiesel Production

COMPARAÇÃO DE DIFERENTES MÉTODOS EXTRATIVOS DE LIPÍDEOS A PARTIR DA BIOMASSA DE Trichormus sp. CENA77 VISANDO APLICAÇÃO NA SÍNTESE DE BIODIESEL

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