Methods of extending the campaign of a blast furnace

Курунов, И. Ф.; Loginov, V. N.; Tikhonov, D. N.

doi:10.1007/s11015-007-0002-8

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…[7] Other practical applications have since been attempted. [8][9][10][11] The effective implementation of Ti-ore injection requires sound knowledge of the fluid flow patterns in the hearth.…”

Section: Bao-yu Guo Paul Zulli Daniel Maldonado and Ai-bing Yumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using Eqs. [11] and [16], the rate of mass transfer per unit volume for titanium is derived as follows:…”

Section: Rate Of Mass Transfermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By incorporating Eqs. [11], [12], and [14] into Eq. [16], a similar expression can be obtained for the mass transfer rate of dissolved nitrogen, as follows:…”

Section: Rate Of Mass Transfermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[11] and [12]). Although the overall concentration of nitrogen dissolved in the hot metal is low (~0.035 pct), the mass fraction of TiN in the solid phase could reach up to 45-70 pct by weight, confirming again that the effect of nitrogen on the titanium solidification is not negligible.…”

Section: Effect Of Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Model to Simulate Titanium Behavior in the Iron Blast Furnace Hearth

Guo

Zulli²,

Maldonado³

et al. 2010

Metall Mater Trans B

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The erosion of hearth refractory is a major limitation to the campaign life of a blast furnace. Titanium from titania addition in the burden or tuyere injection can react with carbon and nitrogen in molten pig iron to form titanium carbonitride, giving the so-called titanium-rich scaffold or buildup on the hearth surface, to protect the hearth from subsequent erosion. In the current article, a mathematical model based on computational fluid dynamics is proposed to simulate the behavior of solid particles in the liquid iron. The model considers the fluid/solid particle flow through a packed bed, conjugated heat transfer, species transport, and thermodynamic of key chemical reactions. A region of high solid concentration is predicted at the hearth bottom surface. Regions of solid formation and dissolution can be identified, which depend on the local temperature and chemical equilibrium. The sensitivity to the key model parameters for the solid phase is analyzed. The model provides an insight into the fundamental mechanism of solid particle formation, and it may form a basic model for subsequent development to study the formation of titanium scaffold in the blast furnace hearth.

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Section: Bao-yu Guo Paul Zulli Daniel Maldonado and Ai-bing Yumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using Eqs. [11] and [16], the rate of mass transfer per unit volume for titanium is derived as follows:…”

Section: Rate Of Mass Transfermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By incorporating Eqs. [11], [12], and [14] into Eq. [16], a similar expression can be obtained for the mass transfer rate of dissolved nitrogen, as follows:…”

Section: Rate Of Mass Transfermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Model to Simulate Titanium Behavior in the Iron Blast Furnace Hearth

Guo

Zulli²,

Maldonado³

et al. 2010

Metall Mater Trans B

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“…[3] A protection layer is formed along the worn out regions of the hearth refractory lining due to the precipitation of solid titanium carbonitride (Ti(C,N)). [3][4][5] The proposed method is been widely used in practice. [2,3,6] The benefits of the addition of Ti-bearing material for the protection of the hearth were identified in the mid 1950s through BF dissection studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Analysis of Titanium Compounds in Blast Furnace Hearth During Titania Addition

Komiyama

Guo

Zughbi³

et al. 2015

steel research int.

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The longevity of an iron making blast furnace is largely limited by the erosion of hearth refractory. The addition of titanium (Ti)‐bearing materials into the furnace may promote so‐called Ti‐rich scaffolds along the damaged hearth lining. A Computational Fluid Dynamics model is used to investigate the complex transport phenomena associated with the formation and dissolution of solid particles. Based on the modeling results, the isotherm of the equilibrium temperature of the incoming hot metal solution can be used as an indicator for the extent and phase of Ti compounds. It is proposed that the particles can be managed by controlling the location of this isotherm. This can be conducted by either (a) altering the Ti dosage and concentration or (b) altering the hot metal pool temperature. The effects of these parameters on the solids holdup along the hearth refractory linings are investigated. The equilibrium isotherm concept may provide a more suitable way to control the location of Ti‐based particles for furnace operators.

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