Methods of Measuring Temperature

Weintroub, S.

doi:10.1038/161624b0

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…While in this study we primarily focus on the SPM and test some of its underlying assumptions, it is important to first summarize the overall construction of the SPM and how it improves upon the more widely used Official Poverty Measure. The Official Poverty Measure (OPM) of the United States was developed in 1965 by Mollie Orshansky-a statistician who worked for the Social Security Administration (Iceland, 2013). Orshansky developed multiple measures of hardship during her career including a "economy food plan" which formed the basis of the OPM used today.…”

Section: Measurement Of Poverty In the United Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The economy food plan represented the minimum amount of money required to feed a family of a given size based on household consumption data from the 1950's. To calculate a full threshold of poverty-the income required to not be in poverty-Orshansky then multiplied this minimum amount by three, as consumption data at the time reported that an average family spent about a third of their income on food (Iceland, 2013). This measure was then implemented by the Lyndon Johnson administration in 1965 as part of its 'War on 1 In this paper we focus on non-metropolitan vs. metropolitan counties as defined by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB).…”

Section: Measurement Of Poverty In the United Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Poverty' for use in federal statistics and as a criterion for eligibility in government programs like food stamps (now the Supplemental Nutrition Assitance Program (SNAP); Iceland, 2013;Hutto et al, 2011).…”

Section: Measurement Of Poverty In the United Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cost of living variation, non-metropolitan America, and implications for the Supplemental Poverty Measure

Mueller¹,

Brooks²,

Pacas³

2021

Preprint

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Poverty scholarship in the United States is increasingly reliant upon the Supplemental Poverty Measure (SPM) as opposed to the Official Poverty Measure of the United States for research and policy analysis. However, the SPM still faces several critiques from scholars focused on poverty of non-metropolitan areas. Key among these critiques is the geographic adjustment for cost of living employed in the SPM, which is based solely upon median rental costs and pools together all non-metropolitan counties within each state. Here, we evaluate the current geographic adjustment of the SPM using both microdata and aggregate data from the American Community Survey for 2014-2018. By comparing housing costs, tenure, and commuting, we determine median rent is likely an appropriate basis for geographic adjustment. However, by demonstrating the wide variability between median rents of non-metropolitan counties within the same state, we show that the current operationalization of this geographic adjustment is sorely lacking.

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Section: Measurement Of Poverty In the United Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurement Of Poverty In the United Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cost of living variation, non-metropolitan America, and implications for the Supplemental Poverty Measure

Mueller¹,

Brooks²,

Pacas³

2021

Preprint

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“…Temperature measurement and monitoring are critical in environmental management and industrial process control . Various thermometers have been developed for different applications. , For example, commercially available glass thermometers and electronic sensors (e.g., resistance thermometers and thermocouples) are widely used in our daily life, offering the advantages of accuracy, readability, convenience, and compatibility with other devices . However, these sensors have limitations in that they provide temperature levels of liquid or solid media only at the desired setpoint.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-in-One: AIEgen End-Labeling of CO₂ Polymer for Visible Fiber Thermometer

Zhuo

Cheng

et al. 2023

Macromolecules

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Visual temperature sensors are of great significance for environmental management and industrial process control. Herein, we developed a visual sensing approach based on fiber fluorescent imaging by configuring aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-functionalized CO2-based poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC). A three-in-one strategy incorporating AIE (tetraphenylethylene), chain transfer (hydroxyl), and co-catalytic (pyridinium salt) properties into one system is proposed to synthesize AIEgen end-labeled PPC as a thermometer material. Based on the twisted intramolecular charge transfer effect of the AIE unit, the fiber thermometer obtained by melt spinning transforms the invisible temperature gradient information into different fluorescent colors that are visible to the naked eye. In the range of −40 to 140 °C, multiscale temperature visualization applications, such as regional temperature detection, internal one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) temperature mapping, etc., could be implemented at a high resolution (±1 °C, 10 μm).

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Cost of Living Variation, Nonmetropolitan America, and Implications for the Supplemental Poverty Measure

Mueller

Brooks

Pacas

2022

Popul Res Policy Rev

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Poverty scholarship in the United States is increasingly reliant upon the Supplemental Poverty Measure (SPM) as opposed to the Official Poverty Measure of the United States for research and policy analysis. However, the SPM still faces several critiques from scholars focused on poverty in nonmetropolitan areas. Key among these critiques is the geographic adjustment for cost of living employed in the SPM, which is based solely upon median rental costs and pools together all nonmetropolitan counties within each state. Here, we evaluate the current geographic adjustment of the SPM using both microdata and aggregate data from the American Community Survey for 2014-2018. By comparing housing costs, tenure, and commuting, we determine that median rent is likely an appropriate basis for geographic adjustment. However, by demonstrating the wide variability between median rents of nonmetropolitan counties within the same state, we show that the current operationalization of this geographic adjustment could be improved through the use of more-specific categories such as metropolitan adjacency or Rural Urban Continuum Codes.

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Methods of Measuring Temperature

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Cost of living variation, non-metropolitan America, and implications for the Supplemental Poverty Measure

Cost of living variation, non-metropolitan America, and implications for the Supplemental Poverty Measure

Three-in-One: AIEgen End-Labeling of CO₂ Polymer for Visible Fiber Thermometer

Cost of Living Variation, Nonmetropolitan America, and Implications for the Supplemental Poverty Measure

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Methods of Measuring Temperature

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Cost of living variation, non-metropolitan America, and implications for the Supplemental Poverty Measure

Cost of living variation, non-metropolitan America, and implications for the Supplemental Poverty Measure

Three-in-One: AIEgen End-Labeling of CO2 Polymer for Visible Fiber Thermometer

Cost of Living Variation, Nonmetropolitan America, and Implications for the Supplemental Poverty Measure

Contact Info

Product

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Three-in-One: AIEgen End-Labeling of CO₂ Polymer for Visible Fiber Thermometer