Methods of multilocus enzyme electrophoresis for bacterial population genetics and systematics

Selander, Robert K.; Caugant, Dominique A.; Ochman, Howard; Musser, James M.; Gilmour, Marion N.; Whittam, Thomas S.

doi:10.1128/aem.51.5.873-884.1986

Cited by 1,282 publications

(659 citation statements)

References 75 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

645

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…To measure the extent and organization of genetic diversity among environmental strains of E. coli, we used the methods of MLEE to resolve protein polymorphisms at 18 enzyme-encoding genes (Selander et al, 1986). Among the 185 strains analysed (see MLEE section in Experimental procedures), the number of electromorphs (alleles) resolved per locus ranged from 3 (NSP and CAK) to 13 (PGD) with an average of 6.4 alleles per locus (Table 3).…”

Section: Levels Of Protein Polymorphism By Mlee Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity and population structure ofEscherichia coliisolated from freshwater beaches

Walk

Alm

Calhoun

et al. 2007

Environmental Microbiology

220

226

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Escherichia coli is an important member of the gastrointestinal tract of humans and warm-blooded animals (primary habitat). In the external environment outside the host (secondary habitat), it is often considered to be only a transient member of the microbiota found in water and soil, although recent evidence suggests that some strains can persist in temperate soils and freshwater beaches. Here we quantified the population genetic structure of E. coli from a longitudinal collection of environmental strains isolated from six freshwater beaches along Lake Huron and the St. Clair River in Michigan. Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) revealed extensive genetic diversity among 185 E. coli isolates with an average of 40 alleles per locus. Despite evidence for extensive recombination generating new alleles and genotypic diversity, several genotypes marked by distinct MLEE and MLST profiles were repeatedly recovered from separate sites at different times. A PCR-based phylogrouping technique showed that the persistent, naturalized E. coli belonged to the B1 group. These results support the hypothesis that persistent genotypes have an adaptive advantage in the secondary habitat outside the host.

show abstract

Section: Levels Of Protein Polymorphism By Mlee Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity and population structure ofEscherichia coliisolated from freshwater beaches

Walk

Alm

Calhoun

et al. 2007

Environmental Microbiology

220

226

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The last step in bacterial alcohol fermentation is the reduction of acetaldehyde to ethanol, catalysed by bacterial ADH (Chen, 1995). Electrophoretic analysis of bacterial enzymes has been developed for taxonomic, epidemiologic and population genetics purposes (Selander et al, 1986;Goullet and Picard, 1990); this conventional technique has proved powerful in interspecies differentiation (Goullet and Picard, 1990;Pons et al, 1993). Alcohol dehydrogenase isoenzyme electrophoresis indicated pronounced activity differences in different operating periods of the reactors (Fig.…”

Section: Alcohol Dehydrogenase Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial community structure of ethanol type fermentation in bio‐hydrogen production

Ren

Xing

Rittmann

et al. 2007

Environmental Microbiology

207

114

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Three continuous stirred-tank reactors (CSTRs) were used for H(2) production from molasses wastewater at influent pH of 6.0-6.5 (reactor A), 5.5-6.0 (reactor B), or 4.0-4.5 (reactor C). After operation for 28 days, the microbial community formed ethanol type (C), propionate type (A) and ethanol-butyrate-mixed type (B) fermentation. The H(2) production rate was the highest for ethanol type fermentation, 0.40 l (g VSS)(-1) day(-1) or 0.45 l H(2) (g COD removed)(-1). Microbial community dynamics and diversity were analysed using double-gradient denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DG-DGGE). Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profiles indicated that the community structures changed quickly in the first 14 days. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the dominant bacterial groups were low G+C Gram-positive bacteria, Bacteroides, gamma-Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria; alpha-Proteobacteria, beta-Proteobacteria, delta-Proteobacteria and Spirochaetes were also presented as minor groups in the three reactors. H(2)-producing bacteria were affiliated with Ethanoligenens, Acetanaerobacterium, Clostridium, Megasphaera, Citrobacter and Bacteroides. An ethanol-based H(2)-producing bacterium, Ethanoligenens harbinense CGMCC1152, was isolated from reactor C and visualized using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to be 19% of the eubacteria in reactor C. In addition, isoenzyme activity staining for alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) supported that the majority of ethanol-producing bacteria were affiliated with Ethanoligenens in the microbial community.

show abstract

“…The MLST method provides a scalable typing system that reflects the population and evolutionary biology of the bacterium, and makes valid comparisons between results from different laboratories possible. It applies neutral or slowly accumulating genetic variations in housekeeping genes, which are not affected by the rapid evolution detected within genes encoding proteins that influence survival in a particular niche (Selander et al, 1986;Urwin and Maiden, 2003;Cooper and Feil, 2004). Thus in this study the MLST approach was applied to investigate the clone relationships of E. coli O157:H7 isolates from China.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilocus sequence typing and virulence factors analysis of Escherichia coli O157 strains in China

Liao

Zhu

et al. 2010

J Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Escherichia coli O157:H7, an important food-borne pathogen, has become a major public health concern worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular epidemiologic feature of E. coli O157:H7 strains in China. 105 E. coli O157:H7 isolates were collected from various hosts and places over 9 years. A multilocus sequence typing scheme (MLST) was applied for bacteria genotyping and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for virulence factor identification. Seven new MLST sequence types (STs), namely ST836, ST837, ST838, ST839, ST840, ST841, and ST842 were identified, which grouped into two lineages. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the most two frequent STs in China, ST837 and ST836, may be the derivatives of E. coli O157:H7 Sakai or E. coli O157:H7 EDL933. Geographical diversity and host variety of E. coli O157:H7 were observed in China. In addition, the different distribution of tccp was detected. The data presented herein provide new insights into the molecular epidemiologic feature of E. coli O157:H7, and aid in the investigation of the transmission regularity and evolutionary mechanism of E. coli O157:H7.

show abstract

Methods of multilocus enzyme electrophoresis for bacterial population genetics and systematics

Cited by 1,282 publications

References 75 publications

Genetic diversity and population structure ofEscherichia coliisolated from freshwater beaches

Genetic diversity and population structure ofEscherichia coliisolated from freshwater beaches

Microbial community structure of ethanol type fermentation in bio‐hydrogen production

Multilocus sequence typing and virulence factors analysis of Escherichia coli O157 strains in China

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About