Methods to investigate fertilization as a means to improve growth and sugar yield of sugar maple

Leech, R. H.; Kim, Y.T.

doi:10.1080/00103629009368357

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Increased diameter increment of A. saccharum in response to additions of non-nitrogenous nutrients have been documented in many areas of north-eastern USA and Canada (Stone 1977, Hendershot and Jones 1989, Leech and Kim 1990, Hendershot 1991, Ouimet and Fortin 1992, Côté et al 1993, Côté and Ouimet 1996, Wilmot et al 1996. We detected no significant treatment effects on radial growth in either mature trees or saplings within the first 2 years of liming or P + K fertilization.…”

Section: Physiological and Growth Responsescontrasting

confidence: 40%

Responses of Acer saccharum canopy trees and saplings to P, K and lime additions under high N deposition

Gradowski

Thomas

2008

Tree Physiology

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Heavy atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition has been associated with altered nutrient cycling, and even N saturation, in forest ecosystems previously thought to be N-limited. This observation has prompted application to such forests of non-N mineral nutrients as a mitigation measure. We examined leaf gas-exchange, leaf chemistry and leaf and shoot morphological responses of Acer saccharum Marsh. saplings and mature trees to experimental additions of non-nitrogenous mineral nutrients (dolomitic lime, phosphorus + potassium (P + K) and lime plus P + K) over 2 years in the Haliburton region of central Ontario, which receives some of the largest annual N inputs in North America. Nutrients were adsorbed in the mineral soil and taken up by A. saccharum trees within 1 year of fertilizer application; however, contrary to expectation, liming had no effect on soil P availability. Saplings and canopy trees showed significant responses to both P + K fertilization and liming, including increased foliar nutrient concentration, leaf size and shoot extension growth; however, no treatment effects on leaf gas-exchange parameters were detected. Increases in shoot extension preceded increases in diameter growth in saplings and canopy trees. Vector analysis of shoot extension growth and nutrient content was consistent with sufficiency of N but marked limitation of P, with co-limitation by calcium (Ca) in saplings and by Ca, Mg and K in canopy trees.

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Section: Physiological and Growth Responsescontrasting

confidence: 40%

Responses of Acer saccharum canopy trees and saplings to P, K and lime additions under high N deposition

Gradowski

Thomas

2008

Tree Physiology

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“…For equivalent rates in our study (2 and 20 t·ha -1 ), the annual BA increased by 2.3 and 4.8% over 4 years, respectively. In previous experiments involving sugar maple, applications of mineral fertilizers (Stone 1980;Leech and Kim 1990), and lime especially (Côté et al 1995), did not always have a positive effect on tree growth. Long et al (1997) mentioned that some factors can contribute to these contradictory results: (i) nutritional imbalance given the addition of a nonlimiting element, (ii) insufficient lime or fertilizer addition, and (iii) an hurried evaluation of tree reaction.…”

Section: 101mentioning

confidence: 67%

Effects of liming on the nutrition, vigor, and growth of sugar maple at the Lake Clair Watershed, Québec, Canada

Moore¹,

Camiré²,

Ouimet³

2000

Can. J. For. Res.

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In the 1980s, sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) dieback was observed across its range in Quebec. In spite of the recovery of the majority of stands during recent years, some have continued to show signs of dieback progression. At the Lake Clair Watershed experimental station, a study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of liming on the nutrition, vigor, and growth of sugar maple in an acid soil, poor in available Ca and Mg. A completely randomized experiment was established and selected sugar maples were treated in 1994 with dolomitic lime in amounts of 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, or 50 t·ha -1 . Four years after the lime application, improvements in foliar concentrations of N, P, Ca, and Mg were noted. Liming increased the radial growth of sugar maple by 45% for rates from 1 to 10 t·ha -1 and by 90% for rates of 20 t·ha -1 , compared with the control trees. The beneficial effects of lime on dieback appeared only very slightly at the third and fourth years after treatment. The negative impact of liming on sugar maple K nutrition could be mitigated by application of potassium sulphate.Résumé : Au cours des années 1980, le dépérissement de l'érable à sucre (Acer saccharum Marsh.) a été observé à la grandeur de sa répartition géographique au Québec. Malgré une amélioration de la santé de la plupart de ces érablières au cours des dernières années, certaines ont continué à montrer des signes de progression du dépérissement. À la station expérimentale du bassin versant du lac Clair, une étude a été entreprise afin d'évaluer l'effet du chaulage sur la nutrition, la vigueur et la croissance de l'érable à sucre sur un sol acide, pauvre en Ca et Mg échangeables. Un dispositif complètement aléatoire a été établi et les érables à sucre sélectionnés ont été traités avec une quantité de 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, ou 50 t·ha -1 de chaux dolomitique. Quatre ans après le traitement de chaux dolomitique, une amélioration de la nutrition en N, P, Ca et Mg a été notée. Le chaulage a engendré des augmentations de croissance radiale de l'ordre de 45% pour les doses de 1 à 10 t·ha -1 et de 90% pour la dose de 20 t·ha -1 , comparativement aux arbres témoins. Les effets bénéfiques de la chaux sur le dépérissement ne sont apparus que très faiblement la troisième et quatrième année après traitement. L'effet négatif du chaulage sur la nutrition en K de l'érable à sucre a pu être compensé partiellement par l'addition de sulfate de potassium. Moore et al. 732

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“…Some have reported increased foliar P concentrations with fertilization (Mercer 1974;Safford and Filip 1974;Ellis 1979;Safford and Czapowskyj 1986;Fahey et al 1998;Gradowski and Thomas 2008), indicating that fertilization did significantly increase P availability. However, others (Finn and White 1966;Schmitt et al 1981;Leech and Kim 1990;Ouimet and Fortin 1992) found no such increase, which is consistent either with Psufficiency in the control trees, or with insufficient P availability relative to other added nutrients.…”

Section: Production Responses To P Fertilizationmentioning

confidence: 70%

Meta-analysis of fertilization experiments indicates multiple limiting nutrients in northeastern deciduous forests

Vadeboncoeur

2010

Can. J. For. Res.

107

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It is widely accepted that N limits primary production in temperate forests, although colimitation by N and P has also been suggested, and on some soils, Ca and base cations are in short supply. I conducted a meta-analysis to assess the strength of existing experimental evidence for limitation of primary production by N, P, and Ca in hardwood forests of the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada using data from 35 fertilization experiments in deciduous forests on glaciated soils across the region. There is strong evidence for N limitation (formal meta-analysis weighted mean response ratio = 1.51, p < 0.01; simple mean = 1.42, p < 0.001). Forest productivity also tended to increase with additions of P (simple mean = 1.15, p = 0.05) and Ca (simple mean = 1.36, p < 0.001). Across all treatments, 85% of response ratios were positive. Multiple-element additions had larger effects than single elements, but factorial experiments showed little evidence of synergistic effects between nutrient additions. Production responses correlated positively with the rate of N fertilization, but this effect was reduced at high rates of ambient N deposition.

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Methods to investigate fertilization as a means to improve growth and sugar yield of sugar maple

Cited by 10 publications

References 6 publications

Responses of Acer saccharum canopy trees and saplings to P, K and lime additions under high N deposition

Responses of Acer saccharum canopy trees and saplings to P, K and lime additions under high N deposition

Effects of liming on the nutrition, vigor, and growth of sugar maple at the Lake Clair Watershed, Québec, Canada

Meta-analysis of fertilization experiments indicates multiple limiting nutrients in northeastern deciduous forests

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