Methomyl induced effect on fortilin and S100A1 in serum and cardiac tissue: Potential biomarkers of toxicity

Abstract

<jats:p> Methomyl toxicity has been reported as a cause of several accidental and suicidal fatalities. The study is evaluating the effect of lethal methomyl toxicity on fortilin and S100A1 in serum and cardiac tissues. Adult 96 female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided equally into a control (euthanized by cervical dislocation) and a study group (overdosed with methomyl). The levels of fortilin and S100A1 in serum were measured antemortem (to establish the basal levels in serum) and postmortem (to evaluate changes after methomyl exposure) using enzyme-linked immunoassay. S100A1 was immunostained in sections from cardiac tissues. Both proteins in the control were not significantly different ( p &gt; 0.05) compared with the antemortem levels. On the contrast, both biomarkers levels in the intoxicated group were remarkably higher ( p &lt; 0.001) than the control and the antemortem levels. Ventricular tissues from the intoxicated rats presented depleted S100A1 immunostain in cardiomyocytes localized mainly in the epicardium with deeply stained adjacent cardiac fibroblasts. The cardiomyocytes were damaged with a prominent loss of striations compared to normal cardiac tissues from the control. The present outcomes explain to a certain degree the potential toxic effect of methomyl poisoning on the cardiac tissue. Both proteins could be added to the currently available battery of markers for assessing methomyl toxicity. </jats:p>

Green Tea Attenuates methomyl-Induced Cardiac Toxicity Through Modulating Oxidative Stress and Nuclear Factor kappa B Up- Regulation in Mice

“…Administration of 0.75% or 1.5% of GTE concentration to the ME-treated mice resulted in a significant decrease in NF-κB concentration in the treated group compared to the control group. The reduction of NF-κB induced by GTE is consistent with Nusair et al [12], and maybe the result of inactivation of NF-κB by catechins [39].…”

“…ME causes dangerous effects on human health. It causes cardiac toxicity [12], genotoxicity and teratogenicity [13], reproductive toxicity [14], and hormonal disruption [9].…”

Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of methomyl, carbaryl, metalaxyl, and pendimethalin in human umbilical vein endothelial cells

“…Intoxication of methomyl appeared as a major health issue for the farmers, workers, and pilots engaged in spraying it on the agricultural fields (Driskell et al, 1991; Radwan et al, 2008). Observing the toxicological effects of methomyl, United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has categorized it as highly toxic to humans via oral, moderate toxic through inhalation, and slightly toxic via dermal routes (Nusair et al, 2018). Among the non‐target organisms, methomyl showed teratogenicity and neurodegeneration in Bufo arabicus (Seleem, 2019).…”

“…Methomyl has also demonstrated its toxicity in fishes and aquatic organisms including Cyprinus carpio , Daphnia magna , daphnids, algae, and ostracoda (Boran et al, 2007; Rao et al, 1984; Todd & Van Leeuwen, 2002; Toumi, Bejaoui, et al, 2016; Toumi, Burga‐Perez, & Ferard, 2016; Wang et al, 2015). Rats exposed to methomyl exhibited multiorgan toxicity, including severe effects on the cardiac tissue (Nusair et al, 2018; Tsatsakis et al, 2019). Male rats exposed to methomyl showed significant reduction in testes weight, fertility index, sperm motility, and serum testosterone levels (Shalaby et al, 2010).…”

Postmortem sampling time effect on toxicity biomarkers in rats exposed to an acute lethal methomyl dose

“…There are human fatalities due to additive or synergistic interactions between methomyl and other chemicals [3] . Methomyl is classified by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) as highly toxic to humans via oral exposures [4] . Many fatal cases of accidental or suicidal exposure to lethal methomyl doses were within the range of 12–15 mg/kg [5] .…”