Methyl jasmonate, salicylic acid, and oxalic acid affects growth, inducible defenses, and pine weevil resistance in Norway spruce

Abstract

The large pine weevil (Hylobius abietis) is a major regeneration pest in commercial forestry. Pesticide application has historically been the preferred control method, but pesticides are now being phased out in several countries for environmental reasons. There is, thus, a need for alternative plant protection strategies. We applied methyl jasmonate (MeJA), salicylic acid (SA) or oxalic acid (OxA) on the stem of 2-year-old Norway spruce (Picea abies) plants to determine effects on inducible defenses and plant growth. Anatomical examination of stem cross-sections 9 weeks after application of 100 mM MeJA revealed massive formation of traumatic resin ducts and greatly reduced sapwood growth. Application of high concentrations of SA or OxA (500 and 200 mM, respectively) induced much weaker physiological responses than 100 mM MeJA. All three treatments reduced plant height growth significantly, but the reduction was larger for MeJA (~55%) than for SA and OxA (34-35%). Lower MeJA concentrations (5-50 mM) induced comparable traumatic resin duct formation as the high MeJA concentration but caused moderate (and non-significant) reductions in plant growth. Two-year-old spruce plants treated with 100 mM MeJA showed reduced mortality after exposure to pine weevils in the field, and this enhanced resistance-effect was statistically significant for three years after treatment.

Effect of Irrigation Water Salinity Concentrations and Methyl jasmonate on Vegetative and Laboratory Growth Characteristics of Sunflower Crop

“…The mM1 concentration outperformed, with the highest average at 36.70 cm, while the 3mM concentration showed the lowest average for the trait at 28.41 cm. Some studies have shown that using high concentrations of methyl jasmonate led to significant deterioration in growth characteristics, including a decrease in plant height by up to 39% [15,16]. This result is consistent with previous findings [17,18].…”

Jasmonate ZIM Domain Protein (JAZ) Gene SLJAZ15 Increases Resistance to Orobanche aegyptiaca in Tomato

“…Interestingly, we also found a role for JA in the plant growth state at the same time. In previous studies, we found that large amounts of exogenous JA cause stunted plant growth [ 61 ], while moderate amounts promote plant growth [ 62 ]. Even in the JAZ family, there are important genes that can regulate the morphology of the plant and accelerate its flowering [ 33 ].…”

Histological analysis of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestrisL.) seedlings in response to root rot pathogenHeterobasidion annosuminoculation

“…On other hand, traumatic resin ducts (TRDs) are typically produced in densely packed, compact bands, displaying distinct distribution patterns (Franceschi et al, 2005;Wu and Hu, 1997). They form as a defensive response to a wide array of both abiotic and biotic stress factors, including mechanical wounds (Gärtner and Heinrich, 2009;Luchi A B et al, 2005;Nagy et al, 2000), insect infestations (Deflorio et al, 2009;Franceschi et al, 2005;Krekling et al, 2000;Nagy et al, 2000), pathogenic fungal invasions (Krokene et al, 2003;Luchi et al, 2005;Mercado et al, 2023), as well as exogenous application of methyl jasmonate (Heijari et al, 2005;Krokene et al, 2023;López-Villamor et al, 2021;Martin et al, 2002).…”