Methylene blue and epinephrine, a synergistic association for anaphylactic shock treatment in anesthetized brown Norway rats

Vasopressor and Inotrope Use in Canadian Emergency Departments: Evidence Based Consensus Guidelines

“…87 Studies in animals have demonstrated potential benefit with the use of phenylephrine, norepinephrine, vasopressin and methylene blue in animal models of anaphylactic shock. [88][89][90] There are multiple case reports describing the use of vasopressin, norepinephrine and methylene blue in patients with anaphylaxis refractory to epinephrine. [91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101] Consensus guidelines recommend the use of an epinephrine infusion if a vasopressor infusion is required for patients with anaphylactic shock.…”