Methylphenidate Has Differential Effects on Blood Oxygenation Level-Dependent Signal Related to Cognitive Subprocesses of Reversal Learning

Dodds, Chris; Müller, Ulrich; Clark, Luke; Loon, Anouk van; Cools, Roshan; Robbins, Trevor W.

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1153-08.2008

Cited by 111 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The Yerkes-Dodson Law provides a theoretical framework for this (Diamond et al, 2007;Arnsten, 2009). At some doses and on some tasks (Dodds et al, 2008), stimulant drugs may have the same direction of effect (cognitive enhancement) in some individuals without ADHD (Clatworthy et al, 2009) as well as in those with ADHD. The non-medical use of stimulant drugs for enhancement rather than the medical use for correction of deficit defines an ethical issue addressed elsewhere (Sahakian and Morein-Zamir, 2007;Swanson et al, in press).…”

Section: Cognitive Deficitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Focusing of regional activation during task performance by stimulant medications may be beneficial when neuronal resources are diverted (ie, by 'mind-wandering') by the situation or task (Dodds et al, 2008) or by personality (Clatworthy et al, 2009), as well as by the presence of the disorder (ADHD). This may lead to an inverted U-shaped relationship between the effect of DA and performance, based on the premise that deficits as well as excesses of DA (and of NE) can impair cognition (see Figure 4).…”

Section: Pet Imaging Studies Of Adhd Adults and Effect Of Stimulant Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, in fMRI studies of children with ADHD (Vaidya et al, 1998) and of adults with ADHD , MP's effects on striatal activation during performance of a task may recruit inhibitory control circuits that differ from those seen in healthy children. In a relevant fMRI study in non-ADHD adults, Dodds et al (2008) showed that the effects of MP on the brain depended on the task being performed, with attenuation of BOLD activity in the ventral striatum during phase of a reversal learning task (after negative feedback) and modulation of the BOLD signal in the PCF in the face of distractions when response set was maintained. The context dependency of stimulant effects has also been shown in humans.…”

Section: Pet Imaging Studies Of Adhd Adults and Effect Of Stimulant Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding the Effects of Stimulant Medications on Cognition in Individuals with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Decade of Progress

Swanson

Baler

Volkow

2010

Neuropsychopharmacol

216

165

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The use of stimulant drugs for the treatment of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most widespread pharmacological interventions in child psychiatry and behavioral pediatrics. This treatment is well grounded on controlled studies showing efficacy of low oral doses of methylphenidate and amphetamine in reducing the behavioral symptoms of the disorder as reported by parents and teachers, both for the cognitive (inattention and impulsivity) and noncognitive (hyperactivity) domains. Our main aim is to review the objectively measured cognitive effects that accompany the subjectively assessed clinical responses to stimulant medications. Recently, methods from the cognitive neurosciences have been used to provide information about brain processes that underlie the cognitive deficits of ADHD and the cognitive effects of stimulant medications. We will review some key findings from the recent literature, and then offer interpretations of the progress that has been made over the past decade in understanding the cognitive effects of stimulant medication on individuals with ADHD. Neuropsychopharmacology Reviews (2011) 36, 207-226; doi:10.1038/npp.2010; published online 29 September 2010Keywords: methylphenidate; amphetamine; dopamine; prefrontal cortex; executive function; cognitive enhancement INTRODUCTIONCognitive deficits and behavioral symptoms associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been studied intensively and are well documented in the literature. Stimulant drugs (methylphenidate (MP) and amphetamine (AMP)) are particularly effective for the clinical treatment of ADHD, and accordingly, pediatricians and psychiatrists have been prescribing them for over seven decades (Bradley, 1937). Clear reductions in symptoms justify treatment with stimulant medications (MTA, 1999b), but the cognitive effects are less clear. Here, we will review the current understanding of some underlying neural processes that may account for the ADHD symptoms of inattention and impulsivity, and we will review evidence from neuropsychological and neuroimaging studies about how stimulant medications may affect these processes. To focus our review, we will not revisit related topics that are addressed elsewhere: the medical use of non-stimulant drugs to treat ADHD (Dopheide and Pliszka, 2009;Waxmonsky, 2005), the non-medical use of stimulants and non-stimulants for cognitive enhancement (Sahakian and Morein-Zamir, 2007;Stix, 2009), and nonmedical alternative treatments based on neurofeedback (Gevensleben et al, 2009) and working memory training (Klingberg et al, 2005) that have recently been evaluated and have gained some support in randomized clinical trials.In the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) of the American Psychiatric Association, Version IV (APA, 1994(APA, , 2000, the cognitive symptoms of ADHD are grouped into two domains: inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity. Currently, nine are specified for inattention (poor attending to details, sustaining attention, lis...

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Section: Cognitive Deficitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pet Imaging Studies Of Adhd Adults and Effect Of Stimulant Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pet Imaging Studies Of Adhd Adults and Effect Of Stimulant Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Understanding the Effects of Stimulant Medications on Cognition in Individuals with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Decade of Progress

Swanson

Baler

Volkow

2010

Neuropsychopharmacol

216

165

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“…Functional imaging studies indicate that MPH-induced improvement in certain cognitive/behavioral tasks is associated with alterations in NAc activity (Dodds et al, 2008;Seidman et al, 2005). Moreover, MPH-induced changes in DA receptor occupancy in the ventral striatum are correlated with the magnitude of MPH-induced improvement in a spatial working memory task (Clatworthy et al, 2009).…”

Section: Psychostimulant Action Outside the Pfc May Contribute To Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocircuitry Underlying the Preferential Sensitivity of Prefrontal Catecholamines to Low-Dose Psychostimulants

Schmeichel

Berridge

2013

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Low doses of psychostimulants, including methylphenidate (MPH), are highly effective in the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). At these doses, psychostimulants improve prefrontal cortex (PFC)-dependent function. Recent evidence indicates that low and clinically relevant doses of psychostimulants target norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) signaling preferentially in the PFC. To better understand the neural mechanisms responsible for the regional selectivity of low-dose psychostimulant action, it is important to first identify the underlying neurocircuitry. The current study used reverse microdialysis to test the hypothesis that the preferential targeting of PFC catecholamines by low-dose psychostimulants involves direct action within the PFC, reflecting an intrinsic property of this region. For these studies, the effects of varying concentrations of MPH (0.25, 1.0, and 4.0 mM) on NE and DA efflux were examined within the PFC and select subcortical fields in unanesthetized rats. Low concentrations of MPH elicited significantly larger increases in extracellular levels of NE and DA in the PFC than in subcortical regions linked to motor-activating and arousal-promoting actions of psychostimulants (nucleus accumbens and medial septal area, respectively). The differential action of MPH across regions disappeared at higher concentrations. The enhanced sensitivity of PFC catecholamines to low and clinically relevant doses of psychostimulants, at least in part, reflects a unique sensitivity of this region to NE/DA transporter blockade. Available evidence suggests that the increased sensitivity of PFC catecholamines likely involves DA clearance through the NE transporter within the PFC.

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“…Yet, methylphenidate which amplifies dopaminergic and noradrenergic signalling in fronto-striatal regions has been shown to improve pursuit performance in children with ADHD and healthy adults (Allman et al, 2012;Bylsma and Pivik, 1989). There are no imaging studies of methylphenidate effects on smooth pursuit; however, previous literature suggests that the localization of methylphenidate effects may be task-dependent (Costa et al, 2013;Dodds et al, 2008;Pauls et al, 2012) and modulated by the effects of the compound on dorsal attention and default mode networks (Liddle et al, 2011;Linssen et al, 2014;Marquand et al, 2011;Mueller et al, 2014;Tomasi et al, 2011).…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural effects of methylphenidate and nicotine during smooth pursuit eye movements

et al. 2016

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Citation for published version (APA):Kasparbauer, A-M., Meyhöfer, I., Steffens, M., Weber, B., Aydin, M., Kumari, V., ... Ettinger, U. (2016). Neural effects of methylphenidate and nicotine during smooth pursuit eye movements. NeuroImage. DOI: 10.1016DOI: 10. /j.neuroimage.2016 Citing this paper Please note that where the full-text provided on King's Research Portal is the Author Accepted Manuscript or Post-Print version this may differ from the final Published version. If citing, it is advised that you check and use the publisher's definitive version for pagination, volume/issue, and date of publication details. And where the final published version is provided on the Research Portal, if citing you are again advised to check the publisher's website for any subsequent corrections. General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the Research Portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognize and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.•Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the Research Portal for the purpose of private study or research.•You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain •You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the Research Portal Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact librarypure@kcl.ac.uk providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT AbstractIntroduction: Nicotine and methylphenidate are putative cognitive enhancers in healthy and patient populations. Although they stimulate different neurotransmitter systems, they have been shown to enhance performance on overlapping measures of attention. So far, there has been no direct comparison of the effects of these two stimulants on behavioural performance or brain function in healthy humans. Here, we directly compare the two compounds using a wellestablished oculomotor biomarker in order to explore common and distinct behavioural and neural effects. Methods: Eighty-two healthy male non-smokers performed a smooth pursuit eye movement task while lying in an fMRI scanner. In a between-subjects, double-blind design, subjects either received placebo (placebo patch and capsule), nicotine (7mg nicotine patch and placebo capsule), or methylphenidate (placebo patch and 40mg methylphenidate capsule).Results: There wer...

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Methylphenidate Has Differential Effects on Blood Oxygenation Level-Dependent Signal Related to Cognitive Subprocesses of Reversal Learning

Cited by 111 publications

References 35 publications

Understanding the Effects of Stimulant Medications on Cognition in Individuals with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Decade of Progress

Understanding the Effects of Stimulant Medications on Cognition in Individuals with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Decade of Progress

Neurocircuitry Underlying the Preferential Sensitivity of Prefrontal Catecholamines to Low-Dose Psychostimulants

Neural effects of methylphenidate and nicotine during smooth pursuit eye movements

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