Metrics for degree of reordering in packet sequences

Banka, Tarun; Bare, Abhijit A.; Jayasumana, Anura P.

doi:10.1109/lcn.2002.1181802

Cited by 31 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…a) packets 3, 4 and 5 are out-of-order in both cases, or b) only packet 3 is out-of-order in the first sequence, while packets 4 and 5 are out-of-order in the second, c) packets 3 and 4 are out-of-order in both cases, etc. [13]. Need for a precise definition is evident from this example.…”

Section: Packet Reordering Metricsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…If an out-of-order packet needs to be stored in the hypothetical buffer that is already filled to B T , the currently expected packet is considered to be delayed more than the tolerance and hence, is deemed lost. Reordering ByteOffset metric in [8] is similar to RBD in [13], with buffer occupancy in bytes instead of packets.…”

Section: Reorder Buffer-occupancy Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fulfillment of other attributes is of no use if this property is not satisfied. Consider the sequence (1,15,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14). If a metric is based only on early arrivals, then packet 15 is identified as early, i.e., out of order.…”

Section: Capture Reorderingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metrics for packet reordering—A comparative analysis

Piratla

Jayasumana

2007

Int J Communication

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-Packet reordering is an inevitable phenomenon on the Internet. An ideal metric for packet reordering should capture reordering accurately, provide insight into nature of reordering, and help in evaluation and analysis of reordering leading to mitigation of its adverse effects. Proposed metrics for packet reordering, namely, Reorder Density, Reorder Bufferoccupancy Density, Reordering Extent, and n-Reordering, overcome to various degrees the deficiencies of percentage reordering in capturing the nature and extent of reordering. These metrics vary widely in areas such as evaluation complexity, measurement technique, usage, and in the definition used for packet reordering itself. Metrics for reordering are evaluated using a framework consisting of a set of both essential and desirable attributes of reorder metrics. The attributes include the ability to capture reordering, sensitivity to lost and duplicate packets in reorder measurements, usefulness, simplicity, and evaluation complexity. Finally, the characterization of packet reordering using these metrics is discussed, using sets of measurements carried over the Internet.

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Section: Packet Reordering Metricsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Reorder Buffer-occupancy Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metrics for packet reordering—A comparative analysis

Piratla

Jayasumana

2007

Int J Communication

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“…This method is vague, incomplete and does not provide information about the nature of reordering. Consider two packet sequences (1,3,4,2,5) and (1,4,3,2,5). It is possible to interpret the out-of-orderliness of packets differently in these cases, for example, packets 2, 3 and 4 are out-of-order in both the cases or only packet 2 is out-of-order in the first sequence, while packets 2 and 3 are out-oforder in second case or packets 3 and 4 are out-of-order in both the cases.…”

Section: Metrics For Reorderingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reorder Density (RD): A Formal, Comprehensive Metric for Packet Reordering

Piratla

Jayasumana

Bare

2005

NETWORKING 2005. Networking Technologies, Services, and Protocols; Performance of Computer and Communication Networks; Mobile A

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The increase in link speeds, increased parallelism within routers and switches, QoS support and load balancing among links, all point to future networks with increased packet reordering. Unchecked, packet reordering will have a significant detrimental effect on the end-to-end performance, while resources required for dealing with packet reordering at routers and end-nodes will grow considerably. A formal analysis of packet reordering is carried out and Reorder Density (RD) metric is defined for measurement and characterization of packet reordering. RD captures the amount and degree of reordering, and can be used to define the reorder response of networks under stationary conditions. Properties of RD are derived, and it is shown that the reorder response of the network formed by cascading two subnets is equal to the convolution of the reorder responses of individual subnets. Packet reordering over the Internet is measured and used to validate the derivations.

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“…Some authors have been dealing with measuring the degree of packet reordering [14,15] and the impact on higher layers performance [12] in a traditional Internet scenario. However in the scenario of an OPS network using WDM the problem is different.…”

Section: Out-of-order and Delay Variation In Ops Network With Wdmmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Framework for the Analysis of Delay Jitter in Optical Packet Switched Networks

Callegati

Cerroni

Muretto

et al. 2005

Optical Networks and Technologies

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Abstract:Out of order delivery and/or delay jitter are typical phenomena occurring in networks adopting a packet transfer mode and may have a relevant impact on the behavior of higher layer protocols. In this paper an original framework is proposed to analyze these phenomena in optical packet-switched networks that employ the wavelength and the time dimensions to solve congestion. This framework is the first step toward a deeper understanding of the interaction between transport networks and higher layers behaviors.

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Metrics for degree of reordering in packet sequences

Cited by 31 publications

References 4 publications

Metrics for packet reordering—A comparative analysis

Metrics for packet reordering—A comparative analysis

Reorder Density (RD): A Formal, Comprehensive Metric for Packet Reordering

A Framework for the Analysis of Delay Jitter in Optical Packet Switched Networks

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