2015
DOI: 10.1088/0026-1394/53/1/r1
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Metrological challenges for measurements of key climatological observables: oceanic salinity and pH, and atmospheric humidity. Part 1: overview

Abstract: Water in its three ambient phases plays the central thermodynamic role in the terrestrial climate system. Clouds control Earth’s radiation balance, atmospheric water vapour is the strongest “greenhouse” gas, and non-equilibrium relative humidity at the air-sea interface drives evaporation and latent heat export from the ocean. On climatic time scales, melting ice caps and regional deviations of the hydrological cycle result in changes of seawater salinity, which in turn may modify the global circulation of the… Show more

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Cited by 53 publications
(45 citation statements)
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“…On 20 May 2019, World Metrology Day, a so-called "new SI" is expected to become formally introduced at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) in Sèvres near Paris. Along with it, a new thermodynamic temperature scale will be established in 2018 (Fellmuth et al, 2016;PTB, 2017;CCT, 2017;CGPM, 2018). This new temperature T and the ITS-90 temperature T 90 will be considered as two different physical quantities expressed in the same unit, namely the new kelvin (rather than being the same physical quantity expressed in two different units, K and a fictitious "K 90 ").…”
Section: Temperature Scalesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…On 20 May 2019, World Metrology Day, a so-called "new SI" is expected to become formally introduced at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) in Sèvres near Paris. Along with it, a new thermodynamic temperature scale will be established in 2018 (Fellmuth et al, 2016;PTB, 2017;CCT, 2017;CGPM, 2018). This new temperature T and the ITS-90 temperature T 90 will be considered as two different physical quantities expressed in the same unit, namely the new kelvin (rather than being the same physical quantity expressed in two different units, K and a fictitious "K 90 ").…”
Section: Temperature Scalesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…(1) Key climatological observables -Основные климатологические наблюдаемые параметры (Feistel et al, 2016); (2) Essential Ocean Variables (EOVs) -Основные океанические переменные (ООП); (3) Ocean Color ECVs -ОКП, относящиеся к цвету океана (https:// ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/research-topic/ocean-colour-essential-climatevariables); (4) Ecosystem EOVs -экосистемные ООП (Constable A.J. et al, 2016); (5) Biological EOVs -биологические ООП; (6) Biogeochemical EOVs -биогеохимические ООП.…”
Section: основные климатические программы и параметрыunclassified
“…To overcome this situation and to improve long-term stability and consistency of measurement results, initial meetings between representatives of BIPM and IAPWS took place at the BIPM in August 2011 and in February 2012, see Figure 2. As a result, a joint effort of IAPWS, BIPM, SCOR, IAPSO and WMO has been envisaged to address metrological challenges for measurements of certain key climatological observables, including oceanic salinity and atmospheric relative humidity [8]. In this cooperation of international bodies, IAPWS may provide highly accurate correlation equations that relate the problematic quantities to suitable surrogate measurands and to other relevant properties, consistent with the TEOS-10 equations.…”
Section: Joint Committee On Seawatermentioning
confidence: 99%
“…But this work has also shed new light on further fundamental problems which may be solved in close cooperation of a newly established SCOR 1 /IAPWS 2 /IAPSO 3 Joint Committee on the Properties of Seawater, JCS, with international bodies such as BIPM 4 and WMO 5 , see Section 5. In a recent series of four papers [8], metrological challenges for measurements of key climatological observables are reviewed and future actions are suggested for practical solutions, Section 6.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%