Mg-Ca binary alloys as anodes for primary Mg-air batteries

The role of Al 2 Ca and Al 2 (Sm,Ca,La) particles in the microstructures and electrochemical discharge performance of as‐extruded Mg‐3wt.%Al‐1wt.%Zn‐based alloys for primary Mg‐air batteries

“…The modified AZ31 alloys exhibit lower current density (reduction of cathodic kinetics) than the unmodified AZ31 alloy at the cathodic branch of polarization curves (pointed by the dash arrow in Figure 6A). It is different from the reported Mg‐Ca alloys, which will be discussed latterly.…”

“…Mg alloys bearing Ca element receive great attention as promising anode materials 34 because Ca is able to inhibit the self-corrosion of pure magnesium and improve the discharge capacity of AM60 alloy. 35,36 Furthermore, the Al 2 Ca phase could strongly refine and disperse the β-Mg 17 Al 12 phase (strong cathode) throughout the matrix of the as-extruded AZ91 anode (it is beneficial for uniform dissolution), and the similar Al-RE compounds (Al 2 Sm and Al 11 La 3 ) are able to increases the corrosion resistance. 37 The Mg-3 wt.% Al-based alloy (AZ31) as a desirable Mg-based anode is almost free of the β-Mg 17 Al 12 phase, which can precipitate as eutectics in the AZ91 alloys.…”

Degradation Behaviour of Mg0.6Ca and Mg0.6Ca2Ag Alloys with Bioactive Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Coatings

“…In the case of the Mg0.6Ca2Ag alloy, two different EDS analyses (Figure 1d, Points 5 and 6) showed the formation of particles with different contents of Ag. (Figure 2a) as an eutectic aggregate with lamellar morphology, probably formed by α-Mg/Mg2Ca phases in accordance with the EDS analysis (Table 3), the Mg-Ca phase diagram and other works on binary Mg-Ca alloys [25,[32][33][34]. In addition, polygonal shape particles ( Figure 2b) containing impurities were found (Point 2, Table 3).…”

“…In the case of the ternary alloy (Mg0.6Ca2Ag) ( Figure 3), TEM studies were not conclusive as the zones of the ion milled lamella where particles were located were too thick for generating an informative electron diffraction pattern. TEM analyses of Mg0.6Ca alloy displayed the second phase ( Figure 2a) as an eutectic aggregate with lamellar morphology, probably formed by α-Mg/Mg 2 Ca phases in accordance with the EDS analysis (Table 3), the Mg-Ca phase diagram and other works on binary Mg-Ca alloys [25,[32][33][34]. In addition, polygonal shape particles ( Figure 2b) containing impurities were found (Point 2, Table 3).…”

Synergistic Effect of Second Phase and Grain Size on Electrochemical Discharge Performance of Extruded Mg–9Al–xIn Alloys as Anodes for Mg–Air Battery

“…Alloying is the main method used to tackle the aforementioned problems. The incorporation of some effective elements, such as Al, Hg, Mn, Ca, Y, Ga, or Sn, contributes to the self‐peeling of corrosion products and inhibits hydrogen evolution side reactions of the magnesium anode . A series of magnesium anode materials have been investigated and reported to have a high discharge potential and utilization rate, such as Mg–Al–Sn, Mg–Hg–Ga, and Mg–Li–Al–Zn .…”