Mg‐Fe‐hydrotalcite as catalyst for the benzylation of benzene and other aromatics by benzyl chloride reactions

Abstract

The benzylation of benzene and substituted benzenes reaction employing benzyl chloride as the alkylating agent over Mg-Fe-LDH (Mg/Fe = 2) clay without or with calcination (at 473-1073 K) has been investigated. Hydrotalcite before and after its calcination was characterized for surface area and crystalline phases. The catalyst derived from the hydrotalcite by its calcination at 473-1073 K show high catalytic activity for the benzylation of benzene and other aromatic compounds. The catalytically active species present in the catalyst in its most active form are the oxides of iron on the catalyst surface. The activity of the catalyst calcined at 1073 K for the benzylation of different aromatic compounds is in the following order: benzene> toluene> p-xylene> anisole. Kinetics of the benzene benzylation over these catalysts have also been investigated. Copyright

Inclusion of size controlled gallium oxide nanoparticles into highly ordered 3D mesoporous silica with tunable pore diameters and their unusual catalytic performance

“…However, the substitution of liquid acids by solid acid catalysts is a challenging task. 12 Efforts have been directed towards designing of efficient solid acid catalysts such as metal and metal oxide supported mesoporous and microporous materials. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] Recently, it has been shown that Ga 2 O 3 supported on MCM-41 is very active for Friedel-Crafts type benzylation and acylation reactions.…”

Synthesis of MgFe Layered Double Hydroxide from Iron-Containing Acidic Residual Solution and Its Adsorption Performance

“…From the multitude of Me 2+ /Me 3+ LDH types, much focus has been directed toward the Mg 2+ /Fe 3+ pair. A literature search revealed that Mg/Fe-LDH has been used for phosphate removal from aqueous solutions [9][10][11]; as adsorbent materials of various heavy metals, such as Cr, As, Pb, Zn, Cu, Se, Sb, and so forth [12][13][14][15][16]; for treatment of aqueous solutions contaminated with different reactive dyes [17][18][19]; or as a catalyst [20][21][22]. Presently, there is a focus on obtaining cheaper adsorbent materials that still retain properties similar to those obtained from pure chemicals.…”

Spectroscopic Evidence for the Involvement of a Radical Intermediate in the Friedel-Crafts Benzylation Using Ion-Exchanged K10 Catalysts

“…Three probable mechanistic interpretations can be found in the literature for benzylation of aromatic hydrocarbons with benzyl chloride on solid acid based supported metal catalysts, without any direct (preparative or spectroscopic) experimental verification: a simple radical step [12][13][14][15][16][17] -see Scheme 1; the presence of a benzyl chloride radical cation [4,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]] -see Scheme 2; or the presence of a benzyl radical cation [26][27][28] as intermediate -see Scheme 3. In some cases the same authors have different suggestions for similar catalytic systems.…”