MGN-3 arabinoxylan rice bran modulates innate immunity in multiple myeloma patients

Abstract

Dendritic cells (DCs) and natural killer (NK) cells are central components of innate immunity for controlling tumor growth. The therapeutic effects of certain anti-myeloma drugs are partially mediated by targeting the innate immune response. In addition, novel types of natural compounds have been developed that efficiently modulate the activity of both the cellular and humoral compartments of immunity. MGN-3 is known as an activator of natural killer cells, inducer of apoptosis and cytokine production, and modulator of dendritic cell maturation and differentiation in vitro. We have performed a randomized, placebo-controlled study to examine the effects of MGN-3 on innate immune system parameters in 48 multiple myeloma patients. We performed immunophenotypic analysis of peripheral blood samples, determined NK cell activity, and assessed the cytokine profiles of plasma before and during 3 months of treatment. The results demonstrate a clear increase in NK activity in MGN-3-treated patients compared to the placebo group, an increased level of myeloid DCs in peripheral blood, and augmented concentrations of T helper cell type 1-related cytokines. The present study suggests that MGN-3 may represent an immunologically relevant product for activating innate immunity in multiple myeloma patients and warrants further testing to demonstrate clinical efficacy.

Dietary Rice Bran Protects against Rotavirus Diarrhea and Promotes Th1-Type Immune Responses to Human Rotavirus Vaccine in Gnotobiotic Pigs

“…RB oil enhanced T and B lymphocyte proliferation, production of Th1 cytokines (interleukin 2 [IL-2], gamma interferon [IFN-␥], and tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-␣]) by lymphocytes, and reduced Th2 cytokines (both serum-and lymphocyte-derived IL-4), as well as the level of serum IgE and IgG1 (3). MGN-3, an arabinoxylan derived from rice bran, also increased the levels of Th1 cytokines in human multiple myeloma patients (6). Importantly, ␥-oryzanol significantly promoted the development of antibody responses in rats stimulated with sheep red blood cells (4).…”

Modified rice bran hemicellulose inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor-induced angiogenesis <i>in vitro</i> via VEGFR2 and its downstream signaling pathways

“…Earlier studies indicated that MRBH exerts anti-tumor effects in animal models [22, 35, 36] and human patients [25, 37] through the enhancement of NK activity [20,21,22, 35], an increase in the T and B cell mitogen response [18], the augmentation of macrophage phagocytosis [23], and the promotion of dendritic cell maturation [24,25,26,27]. It was also shown to have anti-inflammatory effects, with observed protective actions in acute liver injury in rats [29] and improvement effects on chronic rheumatism [30] and IBS [31] in humans.…”

“…1.Main chemical structure of MRBH.) [18, 19]. Previous studies have demonstrated that MRBH has immunostimulatory effects, including enhancement of natural killer (NK) cell activity both in vitro and in vivo [20,21,22], increase of the T and B cell mitogen response [18], augmentation of macrophage phagocytosis [23], and promotion of dendritic cell (DC) maturation [24,25,26,27]. MRBH also protects against γ-irradiation-induced hematopoietic damage in mice [28] and has anti-inflammatory effects on D-galactosamine-induced hepatitis in rats [29] and chronic rheumatism [30] and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in humans [31].…”

Can a standardized plant immunomodulator (rice bran arabinoxylan concentrate/MGN-3) increase the effects of MEK and BRAF inhibitors with clinical benefit? Case report of a patient with carcinoma in biliary duct

“…Unfortunately, the best evidence based and standardized immunodulators without any side effects are plant extracts and they are all over the world registered only as food supplements. There are growing evidences that plant PAMP-like molecules (such as standardized rice bran arabinoxylan concentrate) exhibit a lot of immunological [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] and clinical benefit [27][28][29]. Therefore, further clinical trials are necessary to investigate this beneficial interaction.…”