Micellar and aqueous‐organic liquid chromatography using sub‐2 μm packings for fast separation of natural phenolic compounds

Abstract

The objective of the present work was to investigate the chromatographic behavior of natural phenolic compounds in micellar and aqueous-organic LC using a short column packed with 1.8 microm particles. Firstly, the effect of ACN and SDS on elution strength and selectivity was examined by isocratic submicellar (0-30% ACN/5% 1-butanol/1-6 mM SDS) and micellar (0-30% ACN/5% 1-butanol/40-60 mM SDS) systems. The varied concentrations of two modifiers in the mobile phases revealed different eluting power. Then, the application of organic modifier gradient was discussed in both submicellar and micellar LC using mobile phases of 4 mM SDS/5% 1-butanol or 50 mM SDS/5% 1-butanol containing ACN gradient from 0 to 30%, respectively. For micellar system, the separation was found to be better in gradient than isocratic elution. Additionally, the sensitivity of aqueous-organic LC was examined. The mobile phase was a mixture of ACN and water employing gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min, with analysis time below 9 min. It was found that separation efficiency was significantly better compared with micellar LC. Besides, the aqueous-organic LC has been applied to separation of various phenolic compounds in Yangwei granule or Radix Astragali samples.

Comparison of Phenolic Compound Separations by HPTLC and PPEC with SDS as the Mobile Phase Component

“…Nevertheless, the micellar systems can also be applied for this purpose. The comparison of the separation of several natural phenolic compounds with micellar, submicellar, and water-organic HPLC systems equipped with C-18 column has been presented by Cao and co-authors [21]. The process of the optimisation of solute separation in silico based on the experiments performed with MLC-HPLC modes has been proposed by Hadjmohammadi and co-authors in series of papers [22–24].…”

Effect of sodium dodecyl sulphate and Brij-35 on the analysis of sulphonamides in physiological samples using direct injection and acetonitrile gradients

“…(1) sulphaguanidine, (2) sulphanilamide, (3) sulphacetamide, (4) sulphadiazine, (5) sulphathiazole, (6) sulphapyridine, (7) sulphamerazine, (8) sulphamethazine, (9) sulphamethizole, (10) sulphamonomethoxine, (11) sulphachloropyridazine, (12) sulphamethoxazole, (13) sulphisoxazole, ( 14) sulphadimethoxine, and ( 15) sulphaquinoxaline, all from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). Also, four alkylbenzenes (ethylbenzene, propylbenzene, butylbenzene and amylbenzene) from Sigma were used to evaluate the relative polarity of the stationary phase under hydro-organic and micellar conditions.…”

“…Only a few studies concerning gradient elution have been reported on MLC. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Most reports apply gradients of organic solvent (acetonitrile, butanol or pentanol), and keep the concentration of the surfactant (always the anionic sodium dodecyl sulphate, SDS) constant. Only Bryant and Altria used simultaneous gradients of SDS and organic solvent (pentanol).…”

Simultaneous isocratic separation of phenolic acids and flavonoids using micellar liquid chromatography

“…Despite the various reports on the feasibility of MLC in the pharmaceutical analysis of drugs and other biologically active compounds , there are only a few reports about the analysis of natural polyphenolic compounds using MLC , but none of them have reported the simultaneous separation of phenolic acids and flavonoids. In this study, the simultaneous isocratic separation of five phenolic acids (galic, chlorogenic, caffeic, p ‐coumaric, and ferulic acid) and four flavonoids (myricetin, morin, quercetin, and kaempferol) were investigated in three different RPLC modes using hydro‐organic mobile phase, micellar mobile phase as well as mobile phases containing SDS in concentrations lower than the CMC (submicellar LC ).…”