Micro-alloying Effects of Yttrium on Recrystallization Behavior of an Alumina-forming Austenitic Stainless Steel

Zhao, W. X.; Wu, Yuan; Jiang, Suihe; Wang, Hui; Liu, Xiong-Jun; Liu, Xiongjun

doi:10.1016/s1006-706x(16)30087-5

Cited by 27 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Steel has been doped with yttrium to improve oxidation resistance, tensile strength, and rupture life at elevated temperatures; these effects are associated with the refinement of grain size and the purification of grain boundaries. Zhao et al added 0.05 and 0.1 mass% yttrium into alumina‐forming austenitic (AFA) steel to study grain growth and found that all the Y‐containing alloys had smaller grain sizes than the base alloy with no yttrium. This result was attributed to an increase in the activation energy for grain growth.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Yttrium and Titanium on Inclusions and the Mechanical Properties of 9Cr RAFM Steel Fabricated by Vacuum Melting

Zhan

Qiu

Zhang

2017

steel research int.

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Process of adding yttrium into the melt is not a common method for ODS steel production. In this paper, 9Cr-ODS alloy is prepared by adding Y or Y and Ti into 9Cr steel through vacuum induction melting. Optical microscopy is employed to determine the size and number of particles, scanning electron microscopy is used to examine particle type, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is used to determine the compositions of smaller particles. Micron-size inclusions are observed in the ingots of the #2 and #3 steels; over 30% of the inclusions are 0.5-1 mm in size, and more than 85% are 0.5-3 mm. A large number of Y-Ti-O particles smaller than 0.5 mm are found in the #3 steel, and the density of inclusions reaches 2.69 Â 10 19 m À3 . After heat treatment, the particles size decreases, and Ti effectively promotes carbide precipitation. Some nano-sized Y-Ti-O is detected by TEM. The tensile strength of Y (Y-Ti) alloyed steel reaches 640 (700) MPa at 298 K, and fracturing mainly occurrs via micro-hole aggregation. At 923 K, the tensile strength of the Y (Y-Ti) alloyed steel reaches 254 (270) MPa. These properties are superior to those of 9Cr steel prepared using the same process.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Yttrium and Titanium on Inclusions and the Mechanical Properties of 9Cr RAFM Steel Fabricated by Vacuum Melting

Zhan

Qiu

Zhang

2017

steel research int.

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“…Cr 23C6, NbC), Laves phase and γ' phase, on the mechanical properties, especially at high temperatures and such as B2-NiAl phase on alumina formation and stability, was intensively studied [69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78]. The influence of minor elements additions, such as Y, La, Hf, B, C, Ti, Cu, Mn, Mo, Si, on corrosion and mechanical properties at high temperatures and on workability was also investigated [79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87]. Based on the Ni content and the targeted alumina formation temperature range, the AFA steels are classified into three categories: (i) high Ni-content (30-35 wt.%), with relatively high strength, for applications in the temperature range ∼ 750-850°C, (ii) standard Ni-content (20-25 wt.%) for applications in the temperature range ∼ 750-950°C and (iii) low Ni-content (12-15 wt.%), for the temperature range ∼ 650-700°C [72].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion resistance and microstructural stability of austenitic Fe–Cr–Al–Ni model alloys exposed to oxygen-containing molten lead

Shi

Jianu

Weisenburger

et al. 2019

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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The goal of the study was to determine the critical concentrations of Al, Cr and Ni, at which the quaternary Fe-Cr-Al-Ni model alloys, exposed to oxygen-containing molten Pb up to 600°C, are corrosion resistant, while preserving the austenite structure of the alloy matrix. Twelve alloys were designed to meet the above mentioned requirements; six of them showed corrosion resistance and preserved the austenite phase in the alloy bulk, during the exposure at 550°C and 600°C for 1000 hours to molten Pb containing 10-6 wt.% oxygen. Based on experimental results a general formula was substantiated as follows: Fe-(20-29)Ni-(15.2-16.5)Cr-(2.3-4.3)Al (wt.%). In case of temperatures below 550°C, the critical Cr content was 14.4 wt.%. Two corundum-type crystalline structures were identified as the constituent phases of the passivating scales, one being Cr2O3 and the other Al2O3-Cr2O3 solid solution. The average amount of Cr2O3 in the Al2O3-Cr2O3 solid solution, found in the passivating scales of the Fe-Cr-Al-Ni model alloys, was estimated at ≈ 40 wt.% at 550°C and ≈ 35 wt.% at 600°C. A transitional layer, consisting of Fe-and Ni-enriched austenitic matrix and exhibiting randomly distributed intermetallic B2-(Ni,Fe)Al, was formed below the oxide scale up to a depth of two microns. The austenite, as matrix, and Ni3(Al,Fe) as precipitates are the microstructural phases of the bulk alloys after exposure for 1000h at 600°C to oxygen-containing molten Pb.

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“…Zhao et al . found that appropriate Y content promoted the formation of fine carbides, which prevented the migration of grain boundaries, impeded grain growth in the recrystallization process, and refined the grains 3 . More importantly, Y also benefitted resistance to overall corrosion or pitting 4 – 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between evolution of inclusions and pitting corrosion in 304 stainless steel with yttrium addition

Shi

Yang

2018

Sci Rep

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Effects of the evolution of inclusions on the pitting corrosion resistance of 304 stainless steel with different contents of the rare-earth element yttrium (Y) were studied using thermodynamic calculations, accelerated immersion tests, and electrochemical measurements. The experimental results showed that regular Y2O3 inclusions demonstrated the best pitting resistance, followed in sequence by (Al,Mn)O inclusions, the composite inclusions, and irregular Y2O3 inclusions. The pitting resistance first decreased, then increased, and then decreased again with increasing Y content, because sulfide inclusions were easily generated when the Y content was low and YN inclusions were easily generated at higher Y contents. The best pitting corrosion resistance was obtained for 304 stainless steel with addition of 0.019% Y.

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Micro-alloying Effects of Yttrium on Recrystallization Behavior of an Alumina-forming Austenitic Stainless Steel

Cited by 27 publications

References 21 publications

Effect of Yttrium and Titanium on Inclusions and the Mechanical Properties of 9Cr RAFM Steel Fabricated by Vacuum Melting

Effect of Yttrium and Titanium on Inclusions and the Mechanical Properties of 9Cr RAFM Steel Fabricated by Vacuum Melting

Corrosion resistance and microstructural stability of austenitic Fe–Cr–Al–Ni model alloys exposed to oxygen-containing molten lead

Correlation between evolution of inclusions and pitting corrosion in 304 stainless steel with yttrium addition

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