Micro and Macro Pedestrian Dynamics in Counterflow: The Impact of Social Group

Crociani, Luca; Gorrini, Andrea; Feliciani, Claudio; Vizzari, Giuseppe; Nishinari, Katsuhiro; Bandini, Stefania

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-11440-4_18

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…In accordance with recent studies in the literature, simulated results show that the dyads negatively affects the dynamics, leading generally to a lower velocity and a lower pedestrian flow. The difference in the fundamental diagram observed in the scenario of the corridor is sensible and for the range of densities lower than 1.5 ped/m 2 is similar with the empirical data from the experiment used for the calibration (see [2] in this book). Results coming from the simulation of the bottleneck show again a negative effect of the presence of dyads, which in this case is even more apparent.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

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Investigating the Effect of Social Groups in Uni-directional Pedestrian Flow

Crociani

Zeng

Gorrini

et al. 2019

Traffic and Granular Flow '17

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The influence of cohesion among members of dyads is investigated in scenarios characterized by uni-directional flow by means of a discrete model: a corridor and the egress from a room with a bottleneck of varying width are simulated. The model manages the dynamics of simulated group members with an adaptive mechanism, balancing the probability of movement according to the dispersion of the group; the cohesion mechanism is calibrated through the parameters κ c and δ . All scenarios are simulated with two procedures: (Proc. 1) population composed of individual pedestrians, in order to validate the simulation model and to provide baseline data; (Proc. 2) population including dyads (50% of the simulated pedestrians), in order to verify their impact. In the corridor scenario, the presence of dyads causes a reduction of the velocities and specific flow at medium-high densities. Egress from a square room with a unique central exit produces results in line with recent studies in the literature, but also shows that the dyads negatively affect the dynamics, leading generally to a slower walking speed and a lower pedestrian flow. Ignoring the presence of dyads would lead to an overestimation of egress flows.Recently, the topic of social groups has gathered a growing interest from researchers studying the dynamics of pedestrians. One one side, field observations

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…4 The corridor environment used for the test of the fundamental diagram. difference among fundamental diagrams observed with only individuals and with about 40% of dyads was observed in an experiment also presented in this book [2].…”

Section: Validation At Basic Movementsupporting

confidence: 65%

Investigating the Effect of Social Groups in Uni-directional Pedestrian Flow

Crociani

Zeng

Gorrini

et al. 2019

Traffic and Granular Flow '17

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“…Even though there are many future works in this line of research (first of all, the impact of the presence of groups on the overall phenomenon, which is considered a potentially relevant factor [16]), the central goal is to achieve a characterisation of lanes throughout the whole analysed video and time frame, whereas the current approach only considers relatively small time windows. The basic idea to aggregate current results into a global description of identified lanes is to connect local lanes within different time windows whenever the Jaccard distance among them (considering them as sets of pedestrian identifiers) is greater than a certain threshold.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lane Formation Beyond Intuition Towards an Automated Characterization of Lanes in Counter-flows

et al. 2020

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Pedestrian behavioural dynamics have been growingly investigated by means of (semi)automated computing techniques for almost two decades, exploiting advancements on computing power, sensor accuracy and availability, computer vision algorithms. This has led to a unique consensus on the existence of significant difference between unidirectional and bidirectional flows of pedestrians, where the phenomenon of lane formation seems to play a major role. The collective behaviour of lane formation emerges in condition of variable density and due to a self-organisation dynamic, for which pedestrians are induced to walk following preceding persons to avoid and minimize conflictual situations. Although the formation of lanes is a well-known phenomenon in this field of study, there is still a lack of methods offering the possibility to provide an (even semi-) automatic identification and a quantitative characterization. In this context, the paper proposes an unsupervised learning approach for an automatic detection of lanes in multi-directional pedestrian flows, based on the DBSCAN clustering algorithm. The reliability of the approach is evaluated through an inter-rater agreement test between the results achieved by a human coder and by the algorithm.

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“…In fact, atomic crowds even seemed to display a slightly more pronounced slowdown as the density increased, possibly owing to the higher capacity of groups to adapt their configuration. That being said, note that this result is at odds with the output of the discrete model of (Crociani et al, 2017b), predicting a lower flow in the presence of dyads, and the experiments with counterflow of (Crociani et al, 2017a) [see Fig. 6 of that reference].…”

Section: A Unidirectional Flowsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Social groups in pedestrian crowds: review of their influence on the dynamics and their modelling

Nicolas

Hafinaz

2021

Transportmetrica A: Transport Science

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Pedestrians are often encountered walking in the company of some social relations, rather than alone. The social groups thus formed, in variable proportions depending on the context, are not randomly organised but exhibit distinct features, such as the well-known tendency of 3-member groups to be arranged in a V-shape. The existence of group structures is thus likely to impact the collective dynamics of the crowd, possibly in a critical way when emergency situations are considered. After turning a blind eye to these group aspects for years, endeavours to model groups in crowd simulation software have thrived in the past decades. This fairly short review opens on a description of their empirical characteristics and their impact on the global flow. Then, it aims to offer a pedagogical discussion of the main strategies to model such groups, within different types of models, in order to provide guidance for prospective modellers.

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Micro and Macro Pedestrian Dynamics in Counterflow: The Impact of Social Group

Cited by 16 publications

References 11 publications

Investigating the Effect of Social Groups in Uni-directional Pedestrian Flow

Investigating the Effect of Social Groups in Uni-directional Pedestrian Flow

Lane Formation Beyond Intuition Towards an Automated Characterization of Lanes in Counter-flows

Social groups in pedestrian crowds: review of their influence on the dynamics and their modelling

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