Micro- and nano-mechanics of osteoarthritic cartilage: The effects of tonicity and disease severity

Moshtagh, P. Rahnamay; Pouran, Behdad; Tiel, Jasper van; Rauker, Josip; Zuiddam, M.; Arbabi, Vahid; Korthagen, N.M.; Weinans, Harrie; Zadpoor, Amir A.

doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.03.009

Cited by 10 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Due to this fact, slight differences between iso‐osmolality (400 mOsm/kg water or 0.2 M NaCl) and hypo‐osmolality (100 mOsm/kg water or 0.05 M NaCl), which are relatively similar conditions as compared to the hyper‐osmolality condition (4,000 mOsm/kg water or 2 M NaCl), may not be fully captured. The elastic properties calculated here indicate the pre‐stress in the collagen fibrils,14 but as articular cartilage is intrinsically a poroelastic material its hydraulic permeability could provide additional information about the possible restrictions against fluid flow due to cross‐linking. Freezing post‐harvest could potentially affect the organization and subsequently function of collagen fibrils, however, our preliminary study measuring the mechanical properties of cartilage confirmed that freezing the cartilage specimen post‐harvest in the absence of liquid at −20°C minimizes the detrimental freezing effects on collagen fibrils.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…External osmotic pressure of the solution to which cartilage is exposed controls its swelling state due to the in‐/out‐flux of water 13, 14, 15. Articular cartilage loses water when exposed to hyper‐osmolar solution, gains water when exposed to hypo‐osmolar solution, while exposure to iso‐osmolar solution is not expected to alter its shape.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Articular cartilage loses water when exposed to hyper‐osmolar solution, gains water when exposed to hypo‐osmolar solution, while exposure to iso‐osmolar solution is not expected to alter its shape. Here, we investigate the effects of osmotically driven mechanical conditioning of collagen fibrils within equine articular cartilage samples on their chemical response to the non‐enzymatic cross‐linking, in other words “artificial ageing.” This “artificial ageing” is induced by using l ‐threose as the glycating agent under various osmotic conditions of hypo‐, normal, and hyper‐osmoality, thereby creating water outflow or inflow14 and consequent shrinkage or stretching of the collagen fibers. The micro‐scale effective elastic modulus, pentosidine level, surface color, and fixed charge density were then characterized to determine whether or not osmotic stretching of collagen fibrils protects them against non‐enzymatic glycation.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…External osmotic pressure of the solution to which cartilage is exposed controls its swelling state due to the in-/out-flux of water. [13][14][15] Articular cartilage loses water when exposed to hyper-osmolar solution, gains water when exposed to hypo-osmolar solution, while exposure to iso-osmolar solution is not expected to alter its shape. Here, we investigate the effects of osmotically driven mechanical conditioning of collagen fibrils within equine articular cartilage samples on their chemical response to the non-enzymatic cross-linking, in other words "artificial ageing."…”

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confidence: 99%

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Non‐enzymatic cross‐linking of collagen type II fibrils is tuned via osmolality switch

Pouran

Moshtagh

Arbabi

et al. 2018

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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An important aspect in cartilage ageing is accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) after exposure to sugars. Advanced glycation results in cross‐links formation between the collagen fibrils in articular cartilage, hampering their flexibility and making cartilage more brittle. In the current study, we investigate whether collagen cross‐linking after exposure to sugars depends on the stretching condition of the collagen fibrils. Healthy equine cartilage specimens were exposed to l‐threose sugar and placed in hypo‐, iso‐, or hyper‐osmolal conditions that expanded or shrank the tissue and changed the 3D conformation of collagen fibrils. We applied micro‐indentation tests, contrast enhanced micro‐computed tomography, biochemical measurement of pentosidine cross‐links, and cartilage surface color analysis to assess the effects of advanced glycation cross‐linking under these different conditions. Swelling of extracellular matrix due to hypo‐osmolality made cartilage less susceptible to advanced glycation, namely, the increase in effective Young's modulus was approximately 80% lower in hypo‐osmolality compared to hyper‐osmolality and pentosidine content per collagen was 47% lower. These results indicate that healthy levels of glycosaminoglycans not only keep cartilage stiffness at appropriate levels by swelling and pre‐stressed collagen fibrils, but also protect collagen fibrils from adverse effects of advanced glycation. These findings highlight the fact that collagen fibrils and therefore cartilage can be protected from further advanced glycation (“ageing”) by maintaining the joint environment at sufficiently low osmolality. Understanding of mechanochemistry of collagen fibrils provided here might evoke potential ageing prohibiting strategies against cartilage deterioration. © 2018 The Authors. Journal of Orthopaedic Research Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Orthopaedic Research Society. J Orthop Res 36:1929–1936, 2018.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Non‐enzymatic cross‐linking of collagen type II fibrils is tuned via osmolality switch

Pouran

Moshtagh

Arbabi

et al. 2018

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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“…In the particular case of AFM, it is also possible to determine the mechanical properties of tissue constituents at the molecular level. In cartilage, for example, it is possible to distinguish between the mechanical properties of the collagen matrix and those of the glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) [5], and determine the content ratio of each constituent [6]. …”

Section: From Biomaterials Development To Tissue Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomaterials and Tissue Biomechanics: A Match Made in Heaven?

Zadpoor

2017

Materials

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Biomaterials and tissue biomechanics have been traditionally separate areas of research with relatively little overlap in terms of methodological approaches. Recent advances in both fields on the one hand and developments in fabrication techniques and design approaches on the other have prepared the ground for joint research efforts by both communities. Additive manufacturing and rational design are examples of the revolutionary fabrication techniques and design methodologies that could facilitate more intimate collaboration between biomaterial scientists and biomechanists. This editorial article highlights the various ways in which the research on tissue biomechanics and biomaterials are related to each other and could benefit from each other’s results and methodologies.

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Osteogenesis‐Inducing Chemical Cues Enhance the Mechanosensitivity of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Osteogenic Differentiation on a Microtopographically Patterned Surface

You

et al. 2022

Advanced Science

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Mechanical cues are widely used for regulating cell behavior because of their overarching, extensive, and non-invasive advantages. However, unlike chemical cues, mechanical cues are not efficient enough to determine cell fate independently and improving the mechanosensitivity of cells is rather challenging. In this study, the combined effect of chemical and mechanical cues on the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells is examined. These results show that chemical cues such as the presence of an osteogenic medium, induce cells to secrete more collagen, and induce integrin for recruiting focal adhesion proteins that mature and cascade a series of events with the help of the mechanical force of the scaffold material. High-resolution, highly ordered hollow-micro-frustum-arrays using double-layer lithography, combined with modified methacrylate gelatin loaded with pre-defined soluble chemicals to provide both chemical and mechanical cues to cells. This approach ultimately facilitates the achievement of cellular osteodifferentiation and enhances bone repair efficiency in a model of femoral fracture in vivo in mice. Moreover, the results also reveal these pivotal roles of Integrin 𝜶2/Focal adhesion kinase/Ras homolog gene family member A/Large Tumor Suppressor 1/Yes-associated protein in human mesenchymal stem cells osteogenic differentiation both in vitro and in vivo. Overall, these results show that chemical cues enhance the microtopographical sensitivity of cells.

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Micro- and nano-mechanics of osteoarthritic cartilage: The effects of tonicity and disease severity

Cited by 10 publications

References 40 publications

Non‐enzymatic cross‐linking of collagen type II fibrils is tuned via osmolality switch

Non‐enzymatic cross‐linking of collagen type II fibrils is tuned via osmolality switch

Biomaterials and Tissue Biomechanics: A Match Made in Heaven?

Osteogenesis‐Inducing Chemical Cues Enhance the Mechanosensitivity of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Osteogenic Differentiation on a Microtopographically Patterned Surface

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