Micro computed tomography and CFD simulation of drop deposition on gas diffusion layers

Guilizzoni, Manfredo; Santini, Maurizio; Lorenzi, Massimo; Knisel, V.; Fest-Santini, Stephanie

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/547/1/012028

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The sample was slowly rotated along one reference axis on a high-precision rotation stage, and several hundred projections were collected as described in previous works. 40,41 The 3D volume of the sample was reconstructed from such projections using tomographic reconstruction algorithm based on the Filtered Back Projection. 42 From the reconstructed volume, intensity isosurfaces representing the 3D surface of the sample could be also extracted.…”

Section: B Cathode Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional X-ray microcomputed tomography of carbonates and biofilm on operated cathode in single chamber microbial fuel cell

et al. 2015

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Power output limitation is one of the main concerns that need to be addressed for full-scale applications of the microbial fuel cell technology. Fouling and biofilm growth on the cathode of single chamber microbial fuel cells (SCMFC) affects their performance in long-term operation with wastewater. In this study, the authors report the power output and cathode polarization curves of a membraneless SCMFC, fed with raw primary wastewater and sodium acetate for over 6 months. At the end of the experiment, the whole cathode surface is analyzed through X-ray microcomputed tomography (microCT), scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) to characterize the fouling layer and the biofilm. EDX shows the distribution of Ca, Na, K, P, S, and other elements on the two faces of the cathode. Na-carbonates and Ca-carbonates are predominant on the air (outer) side and the water (inner) side, respectively. The three-dimensional reconstruction by X-ray microCT shows biofilm spots unevenly distributed above the Ca-carbonate layer on the inner (water) side of the cathode. These results indicate that carbonates layer, rather than biofilm, might lower the oxygen reduction reaction rate at the cathode during long-term SCMFC operation.

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Section: B Cathode Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional X-ray microcomputed tomography of carbonates and biofilm on operated cathode in single chamber microbial fuel cell

et al. 2015

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“…One of these open‐source codes is OpenFOAM , which is capable of simulating multiphase flows. The numerical analysis of multiphase flows by OpenFOAM covers a broad range of research topics, and the pertinent literature is very rich , .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The toolbox developed has then been used for computing bubble movement , droplet movement , a liquid jet , a splash , non‐Newtonian flows , a cavitation instability , condensation , coating , laser welding , fuel injection , coastal engineering , and multiphase flows in a micro structure .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the S‐CLSVOF method with the density‐scaled balanced continuum surface force model in multiphase systems coupled with thermocapillary flows

Yamamoto

Okano

Dost

2016

Numerical Methods in Fluids

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Summary Three numerical methods, namely, volume of fluid (VOF), simple coupled volume of fluid with level set (S‐CLSVOF), and S‐CLSVOF with the density‐scaled balanced continuum surface force (CSF) model, have been incorporated into OpenFOAM source code and were validated for their accuracy for three cases: (i) an isothermal static case, (ii) isothermal dynamic cases, and (iii) non‐isothermal dynamic cases with thermocapillary flow including dynamic interface deformation. Results have shown that the S‐CLSVOF method gives accurate results in the test cases with mild computation conditions, and the S‐CLSVOF technique with the density‐scaled balanced CSF model leads to accurate results in the cases of large interface deformations and large density and viscosity ratios. These show that these high accuracy methods would be appropriate to obtain accurate predictions in multiphase flow systems with thermocapillary flows. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…Later, different solutions and fluorinated polymers were investigated to maximize their beneficial effects. In particular, the materials employed so far, apart from PTFE, have been fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) [37,38], perfluoropolyether (PFPE) [39], polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) [40], perfluoroalcoxy alkanes (PFA) [41,42], and tetrafluoromethane (CF 4 ) plasma [43] (see Figure 4). Hereafter, we will analyze all of them, looking at the advantages provided and the issues still standing before their use.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Latorrata et al [42,112,113] have employed both of these polymers in GDLs and MPLs and compared their behaviors to PTFE and FEP, which are more consolidated alternatives. PFA, like FEP, seems to induce a higher hydrophobic character, while PFPE is correlated to a larger cumulative pore volume of the obtained GDM [41,[114][115][116]. Single fuel cell analyses have revealed that the first two materials perform better in more humid conditions, while the latter in drier atmospheres and higher operating temperatures.…”

Section: Fepmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Fluorinated Polymers in the Water Management of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: A Review

et al. 2021

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As the hydrogen market is projected to grow in the next decades, the development of more efficient and better-performing polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is certainly needed. Water management is one of the main issues faced by these devices and is strictly related to the employment of fluorinated materials in the gas diffusion medium (GDM). Fluorine-based polymers are added as hydrophobic agents for gas diffusion layers (GDL) or in the ink composition of microporous layers (MPL), with the goal of reducing the risk of membrane dehydration and cell flooding. In this review, the state of the art of fluorinated polymers for fuel cells is presented. The most common ones are polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), however, other compounds such as PFA, PVDF, PFPE, and CF4 have been studied and reported. The effects of these materials on device performances are analyzed and described. Particular attention is dedicated to the influence of polymer content on the variation of the fuel cell component properties, namely conductivity, durability, hydrophobicity, and porosity, and on the PEMFC behavior at different current densities and under multiple operating conditions.

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Micro computed tomography and CFD simulation of drop deposition on gas diffusion layers

Cited by 14 publications

References 22 publications

Three-dimensional X-ray microcomputed tomography of carbonates and biofilm on operated cathode in single chamber microbial fuel cell

Three-dimensional X-ray microcomputed tomography of carbonates and biofilm on operated cathode in single chamber microbial fuel cell

Validation of the S‐CLSVOF method with the density‐scaled balanced continuum surface force model in multiphase systems coupled with thermocapillary flows

The Role of Fluorinated Polymers in the Water Management of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: A Review

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