Micro-computed tomography of the head and dentition in cadavers of clinically normal rabbits

Rycke, Lieve M. De; Boone, Matthieu; Caelenberg, Annemie I Van; Dierick, Manuel; Hoorebeke, Luc Van; Bree, Henri van; Gielen, Ingrid

doi:10.2460/ajvr.73.2.227

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Computed tomography (CT) overcomes many of the imaging limitations of standard radiography by permitting cross-sectional images of the rabbit head in multiple planes without superimposition of anatomic structures ( 13 , 17 , 18 ). The technique is suitable for early detection of small changes in bone and adjacent soft tissues of the head and provides images of dental anatomy and pathological changes ( 13 , 18 – 20 ). The use of CT for the diagnosis of dental abnormalities in rabbits is becoming the standard of care ( 13 , 21 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With conventional CT, the slice thickness and in-slice resolution are usually on the order of 0.5–1.0 mm or higher. When scanning small objects, such as rabbit skulls, visualization of some structures is limited by image spatial resolution ( 18 , 19 ). The disadvantage of the relatively low spatial resolution of CT versus radiographs can be compensated for by the lack of superimposition, ability to view images in multiple planes, and superior contrast resolution ( 18 , 22 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When scanning small objects, such as rabbit skulls, visualization of some structures is limited by image spatial resolution ( 18 , 19 ). The disadvantage of the relatively low spatial resolution of CT versus radiographs can be compensated for by the lack of superimposition, ability to view images in multiple planes, and superior contrast resolution ( 18 , 22 ). Since some rabbit teeth may only be 1 mm in width, conventional CT may not provide sufficient spatial resolution for the detection of subtle dental pathology in rabbits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Application of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography of the Rabbit Head: Part 1 – Normal Dentition

et al. 2016

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Domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) are increasingly popular as household pets; therefore, veterinarians need to be familiar with the most common diseases afflicting rabbits including dental diseases. Diagnostic approaches for dental disease include gross oral examination, endoscopic oral examination, skull radiography, and computed tomography (CT). CT overcomes many limitations of standard radiography by permitting cross-sectional images of the rabbit head in multiple planes without superimposition of anatomic structures. Cone-beam CT (CBCT) is an oral and maxillofacial imaging modality that produces high-resolution images. The objective of this study was to describe and compare the normal anatomic features of the dentition and surrounding maxillofacial structures in healthy rabbits on CBCT and conventional CT. Ten New Zealand white rabbit cadaver heads were scanned using CBCT and conventional CT. Images were evaluated using Anatomage Invivo 5 software. The maxillofacial anatomy was labeled on CBCT images, and the mean lengths and widths of the teeth were determined. The visibility of relevant dental and anatomic features (pulp cavity, germinal center, tooth outline, periodontal ligament) were scored and compared between conventional CT and CBCT. The thinnest teeth were the maxillary second incisor teeth at 1.29 ± 0.26 mm and the maxillary third molar teeth at 1.04 ± 0.10 mm. In general, it was found that CBCT was superior to conventional CT when imaging the dentition. Importantly, the periodontal ligament was significantly (P < 0.01) more visible on CBCT than on conventional CT. Ability to see the periodontal ligament with such detail may allow earlier detection and treatment of periodontal disease in rabbits. This study is the first of its kind and shows the feasibility and yield of CBCT when evaluating the maxillofacial features and dentition in rabbits.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Application of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography of the Rabbit Head: Part 1 – Normal Dentition

et al. 2016

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“…An excellent inter‐ and intraobserver agreement has also been reported in measuring various pituitary gland dimensions on CT images in dogs 8 . Currently, only a few publications detail the normal rabbit head anatomy on CT, 9–11 and only two reports explore the normal rabbit brain on MRI—one on a low‐field (0.2 Telsa) MRI 12 and the other on a high‐field (3 Tesla) MRI 13 . This latter study evaluated the brains of five healthy New Zealand white rabbits on MRI and reported a pituitary gland mean height, width, and length of 3.5, 3.5, and 5.0 mm, respectively 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mensuration of the rabbit pituitary gland from computed tomography

Kwan¹,

Quesenberry

2020

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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The aim of this retrospective reference interval observational study was to determine the mensuration of the pituitary gland (hypophysis cerebri) by analyzing CT studies in rabbits without clinical evidence of pituitary disease or central neurologic signs. Though diseases of the rabbit pituitary gland are uncommon, the pituitary gland is essential in regulation of the rabbit's endocrine system, as in other species. Currently, there are minimal published studies that detail the rabbit head anatomy on cross-sectional imaging, and even less specifically examining the pituitary gland. The pituitary gland was measured by one observer at a single time point from transverse and reconstructed sagittal CT images in a soft-tissue algorithm in 62 rabbits for a total of 66 rabbit head CT studies. The rabbits ranged from 0.84 to 14 years in age (mean ± SD: 5.46 ± 3.05 years) and 0.92 to 4.95 kg in weight (2.21 ± 0.83 kg). Linear pituitary measurements were performed using electronic calipers. The mean ± SD pituitary height was 4.22 ± 0.57 mm, width was 4.48 ± 0.71 mm, and length was 6.02 ± 0.70 mm. The pituitary gland height-to-brain area ratio was 1.10 ± 0.16 mm −1 , which is much higher than the values reported in normal dogs and cats. The age, weight, and sex of the rabbits were not found to have a significant impact on pituitary gland mensuration. These measurements could be useful as a reference range for future rabbit head CT studies and to rule out pituitary enlargement or disease when evaluating rabbit pituitary glands. K E Y W O R D S

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“…CBCT has been used in the image-based evaluation of medical conditions in dogs and cats [5], and in anatomical studies on rabbits and guinea pigs [3,6-8]. In most cases, its clinical applications have been limited by low resolution, or an excessively long image processing time [7-9]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of micro-computed tomography in the diagnosis of dental and oral disease in rabbits

Sasai¹,

Iwai²,

Fujita³

et al. 2014

BMC Vet Res

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BackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the use of a newly developed micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) system for the diagnosis of oral pathologies in small animals, using the rabbit as a model. The diagnosis of dental diseases in rabbits is usually based on oral endoscopy and radiographic imaging, but detailed pathological diagnosis using these methods is frequently difficult. Micro-CT was used in this study to address this challenge.ResultsThis study was conducted using 50 privately owned rabbits, presented to our hospital due to loss of appetite or difficulty feeding. Image recording times were 18 s in normal mode and 120 s in fine mode. The animals were maintained in the required position for scanning via the administration of sedatives. Micro-CT captured with a slice thickness of 60–120 mm has excellent spatial resolution, and is suitable for the clinical diagnosis of dental diseases in rabbits weighing 1–3 kg.ConclusionsMicro-CT can yield more detailed data than radiography or conventional CT. This study determined that this novel imaging modality can be utilized for the accurate assessment of dental and oral diseases in rabbits.

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Micro-computed tomography of the head and dentition in cadavers of clinically normal rabbits

Abstract: Micro-CT appeared to be a promising technique for appropriate diagnosis of dental disease in rabbits. Further research is needed to determine the clinical applications of micro-CT imaging.

Cited by 23 publications

References 33 publications

Clinical Application of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography of the Rabbit Head: Part 1 – Normal Dentition

Clinical Application of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography of the Rabbit Head: Part 1 – Normal Dentition

Mensuration of the rabbit pituitary gland from computed tomography

The use of micro-computed tomography in the diagnosis of dental and oral disease in rabbits

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