Micro-emulsion synthesis of La1 − xCrxFeO3 nanoparticles: effect of Cr doping on ferroelectric, dielectric and photocatalytic properties

Abstract

In the present study, La1 − xCrxFeO3 (x = 0.0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.0) was synthesized by micro-emulsion route and characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) techniques. The dielectric, ferroelectric and photocatalytic properties were investigated and compared with un-doped material. The XRD analysis revealed orthorhombic geometry of La1 − xCrxFeO3 (x = 0.0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.0), Cr was doped successfully into the lattice structure of LaFeO3 and particles were spherical and in agglomerated form. The grain sizes were recorded to be 15, 16.9, 17.1, 17.65 and 18.3 (nm) for La1 − xCrxFeO3 (x = 0.0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.0), respectively. EDX analysis confirmed the purity of LaCrFeO3 samples. The lattice parameters, bulk density, X-ray density, crystalline size and porosity were determined were also determined of all the La1 − xCrxFeO3 samples. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss values decreased at higher frequency and Cr concentration affected the dielectric properties. The photocatalytic activity (PCA) was evaluated by degrading Congo Red (CR) dye under solar light irradiation and up to 85.43% dye degradation was achieved within 45 min of irradiation. Phyto-toxicity analysis before and after dye degradation was performed, which revealed the toxicity reduction in response of dye degradation. Results revealed that lanthanum ferrite (perovskite) doping with Cr could possibly be employed to enhance the ferroelectric, dielectric and photocatalytic properties.

Band‐Gap Tuned Dilithium Terephthalate from Environmentally Hazardous Material for Sustainable Lithium Storage Systems with DFT Modelling

“…Furthermore, Figure S10(c–d) reveals the higher dielectric loss 1.11E+04 and 1.24E+03 in the lower frequency zone at 393 K, whereas continuing the process at 303 K shows values of 8.41E+02 and 6.63E+02 in the higher frequency region. These dielectric behaviors can be distinguished at lower frequencies due to electron exchange that is harmonized with the applied electric field, whereas at higher frequencies, there is no appropriate time for electron orientation with the external electric field, resulting in shows constant dielectric response [58] . S. Han et al.…”

“…These dielectric behaviors can be distinguished at lower frequencies due to electron exchange that is harmonized with the applied electric field, whereas at higher frequencies, there is no appropriate time for electron orientation with the external electric field, resulting in shows constant dielectric response. [58] S. Han et al found that a high dielectric constant expands solubility whereas a low dielectric constant increases ion transportation speed. [59] According to the obtained results, Li 2 TP has a low dielectric constant and dielectric loss than TPA is an added advantage for the high reversibility of their electrochemical process.…”

Visible‐light‐driven photocatalytic efficiency of Co‐ and Gd‐doped LaNiO 3 and effect of doping on photochemical, electrochemical, and ferroelectric properties

“…Moreover, variation in the sizes of A and B cation offers opportunity to modify the ABO 3 type materials by doping. The ABO 3 type perovskite materials exhibit excellent electrocatalytic, ionic and electronic conductivity, optical, mechanical, and magnetic properties 6‐9 . The LaNiO 3 type of perovskite (ceramics structured) possesses amazing applications in transducers, sensors, capacitors, random access memories, wireless communications, tunable microwave devices, and piezoelectric devices.…”