Micro Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluoresence Mapping of Enamel and Dental Materials after Chemical Erosion

Abstract

Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence was employed to test the hypothesis that beverage consumption or mouthwash utilization will change the chemical properties of dental materials and enamel mineral content. Bovine enamel samples~n ϭ 45! each received two cavity preparations~n ϭ 90!, each pair filled with one of three dental materials~R: nanofilled composite resin; GIC: glass-ionomer cement; RMGIC: resin-modified GIC!. Furthermore, they were treated with three different solutions~S: saliva; E: erosion/Pepsi Twist; or EM: erosionϩmouthwash/Colgate Plax!. It was found that mineral loss in enamel was greater in GICE samples than in RE . RMGICE . RMGICEM . REM . GICEM. An increased percentage of Zr was found in REM indicating organic matrix degradation. Dental materials tested~R, GIC, and RMGIC! were not able to protect adjacent enamel from acid erosion by the soft drink tested. The use of mouthwash promoted protection of enamel after erosion by the soft drink. To avoid chemical dissolution by mouthwashes, protection by resin composites with surface sealants is recommended.

Evaluation of X-Ray Microanalysis for Characterization of Dental Enamel

“…Bovine enamel has long been used for in vitro studies because its chemical and morphological properties resemble those of human dental enamel~e.g., Soares et al, 2012!. Bovine teeth are therefore an excellent proxy for human teeth and also far more easy to handle due to their size. The surface layer of bovine and human enamel after eruption is subjected to the influence of the oral environment and takes up different trace elements that are accumulated in the surface area of the enamel.…”

Effect of erosion and methods for its control on the surface roughness of composite resin

“…The risk of dental erosion emphasizes the need for understanding the action of acids on restorative agents, and as such, there is still limited knowledge about their influence [7,8]. Resin materials are affected by chemical substances in the oral cavity, which interfere with its organic matrix, causing a softening of polymers and consequently, affecting surface properties, such as roughness [8][9][10].…”

“…Resin materials are affected by chemical substances in the oral cavity, which interfere with its organic matrix, causing a softening of polymers and consequently, affecting surface properties, such as roughness [8][9][10]. Despite many studies showing the importance of the use of fluorides and mechanical barriers on dental surfaces exposed to erosion [2,5,7,[11][12][13], further analysis is required to study their effects on restorative materials subjected to the same process.…”

Rugosidade superficial e microdureza de materiais restauradores provisórios submetidos a ação de enxaguatórios bucais

“…Como vários estudos têm demonstrado que os enxaguatórios, devido às variações na composição podem afetar o comportamento dos diferentes materiais restauradores, por influenciar nas suas propriedades (Tabatabaei e Sabaghi, 2013;Soares et al, 2012;Trauth et al, 2012), no presente estudo foram utilizados enxaguatórios com álcool e sem álcool.…”

“…Estas soluções apresentam variações em sua composição e podem danificar a superfície dos materiais restauradores (Tabatabaei, Sabaghi, 2013), devido ao baixo pH e ao álcool (Diab et al, 2007;Cengiz et al, 2015). Avaliações do efeito dos enxaguatórios nos diferentes materiais restauradores têm sido realizados, entretanto a sua ação sobre os materiais ainda é controversa (Padovani et al, 2014;Soares et al, 2012;Bohner et al, 2016).…”