Micro-Fabricated 130–180 GHz Frequency Scanning Waveguide Arrays

Cullens, Evan; Ranzani, Leonardo; Vanhille, Kenneth; Grossman, Erich N.; Ehsan, Negar; Popović, Zoya

doi:10.1109/tap.2012.2201089

Cited by 69 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…For a frequency‐scanning antenna, the phase shift of the array is usually provided by the interelement spacing in its traveling wave structure . The dispersion of the antenna or the feed network provides the beam steering for a required set of frequencies . On this basis, a frequency‐scanning waveguide array working at 130–180 GHz was proposed.…”

Section: Conventional Terahertz Beam Steering Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Terahertz Beam Steering Technologies: From Phased Arrays to Field‐Programmable Metasurfaces

Yang

Liu

et al. 2019

Advanced Optical Materials

194

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In past decades, terahertz radiation, which locates between microwave and far‐infrared light in the electromagnetic spectrum, has attracted more and more attention. Various passive and active components such as absorbers, filters, polarizers, and focusing lenses have been developed for manipulating terahertz radiation. With the further evolution of metamaterials and metasurfaces, unprecedented freedom is gained for flexibly controlling terahertz waves, including focusing, deflection, beam steering, polarization conversion, and generation of orbit angular momentum. Among them, terahertz beam steering has become the focus of considerable interest owing to its significance for wireless communication, high‐resolution imaging, and radar applications. In this paper, first the conventional terahertz beam steering technologies are reviewed, including mechanical scanning, phased array, frequency scanning antennas, and multibeam switching technology. Then, the reconfigurable metasurface routes based on semiconductor active components, phase transition materials, electrically tunable materials, and micro‐electromechanical technology are summarized and the respective performances for terahertz beam steering are discussed. Moreover, programmable metasurfaces with digitalized description of metasurfaces and real‐time manipulations of radiation patterns are also illustrated in detail. Finally, a summary of the present terahertz beam steering technologies is provided and an outlook for the future is discussed.

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Section: Conventional Terahertz Beam Steering Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conventional Terahertz Beam Steering Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terahertz Beam Steering Technologies: From Phased Arrays to Field‐Programmable Metasurfaces

Yang

Liu

et al. 2019

Advanced Optical Materials

194

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The FDA is also different from the conventional frequency scanning technique [36][37][38][39]. In a frequency scanning array, each element has the same frequency at a given time unlike the FDA [40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency Diverse Array Antenna: New Opportunities

Wang

2015

IEEE Antennas Propag. Mag.

216

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Phased-array antennas are known for their capability to electronically steer a beam with high effectiveness, but beam steering is fixed in an angle for all range cells. This paper reviews frequency diverse array (FDA) antennas. Different from a phased array, an FDA uses a small frequency increment, as compared with the carrier frequency, across array elements. The use of a frequency increment generates an array factor that is a function of the angle, the time, and the range, allowing the FDA antenna to transmit the energy over the desired range and angle. In addition to analyzing FDA factor characteristics, this paper investigates FDA potential applications in range-dependent energy control and technical challenges in system implementation, with an aim to call for further investigations on the FDA.

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“…Alternative manufacturing technologies have been actively explored to cope with the demand for high-dimensional accuracy and good surface quality for waveguide devices at millimeter-wave and submillimeter-wave frequencies. Among them, three techniques have been attracting the most attention and they are silicon deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) [5]- [8], LIGA-based thick resist electroplating [9], [10], and SU8 layered process [11]- [13]. Waveguides produced using these techniques are usually built from several silicon or polymer layers that are then metalized to achieve a good electrical conductivity.…”

Section: W -Band Waveguide Filters Fabricated By Lasermentioning

confidence: 99%

$W$ -Band Waveguide Filters Fabricated by Laser Micromachining and 3-D Printing

Shang

Penchev

Guo

et al. 2016

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

121

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This paper presents two W-band waveguide bandpass filters, one fabricated using laser micromachining and the other 3-D printing. Both filters are based on coupled resonators and are designed to have a Chebyshev response. The first filter is for laser micromachining and it is designed to have a compact structure allowing the whole filter to be made from a single metal workpiece. This eliminates the need to split the filter into several layers and therefore yields an enhanced performance in terms of low insertion loss and good durability. The second filter is produced from polymer resin using a stereolithography 3-D printing technique and the whole filter is plated with copper. To facilitate the plating process, the waveguide filter consists of slots on both the broadside and narrow side walls. Such slots also reduce the weight of the filter while still retaining the filter's performance in terms of insertion loss. Both filters are fabricated and tested and have good agreement between measurements and simulations.

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Micro-Fabricated 130–180 GHz Frequency Scanning Waveguide Arrays

Cited by 69 publications

References 26 publications

Terahertz Beam Steering Technologies: From Phased Arrays to Field‐Programmable Metasurfaces

Terahertz Beam Steering Technologies: From Phased Arrays to Field‐Programmable Metasurfaces

Frequency Diverse Array Antenna: New Opportunities

$W$ -Band Waveguide Filters Fabricated by Laser Micromachining and 3-D Printing

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