Micro Nuclear Reactors: Potential Replacements for Diesel Gensets within Micro Energy Grids

Abdussami, Muhammad R.; Adham, Md. Ibrahim

doi:10.3390/en13195172

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…where, R is the rate cost reduction, and LR is the learning rate. In this study, the learning rate is considered as 10% [13]. The relation between the vSMR capital cost and the rate of cost reduction can be expressed by the following equation.…”

Section: Vsmr/mrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lower LCOE refers to the lower unit price of the energy the system can serve which implies a higher profit to the investors. The LCOE is expressed by the following equation [13].…”

Section: Levelized Cost Of Energy (Lcoe)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GRF is one of the reliability factors that indicate the amount of demand of a system is accomplished by the energy system [14]. The mathematical formula of GRF for the demand of the system can be expressed by the following equation [13].…”

Section: Generation Reliability Factor (Grf)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The LPSP is determined for each time step and for the total time step to assure the utmost reliability of the system. The following equations are used to determine the LPSP [13].…”

Section: Loss Of Power Supply Probability (Lpsp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal Planning of Integrated Nuclear-Renewable Energy System for Marine Ships Using Artificial Intelligence Algorithm

Adham

Abdussami

2021

Energies

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Ocean-going ships are one of the primary sources of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. Several actions are being taken to reduce the GHG emissions from maritime vessels, and integration of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) is one of them. Ocean-going marine ships need a large amount of reliable energy to support the propulsive load. Intermittency is one of the drawbacks of RESs, and penetration of RESs in maritime vessels is limited by the cargo carrying capacity and usable area of that ship. Other types of reliable energy sources need to be incorporated in ships to overcome these shortcomings of RESs. Some researchers proposed to integrate fossil fuel-based generators like diesel generators and renewable energy in marine vessels to reduce GHG emissions. As the penetration of RESs in marine ships is limited, fossil fuel-based generators provide most of the energy. Therefore, renewable and fossil fuel-based hybrid energy systems in maritime vessels can not reduce GHG emissions to the desired level. Fossil fuel-based generators need to be replaced by emissions-free energy sources to make marine ships free from emissions. Nuclear energy is emissions-free energy, and small-scale nuclear reactors like Microreactors (MRs) are competent to replace fossil fuel-based generators. In this paper, the technical, environmental, and economic competitiveness of Nuclear-Renewable Hybrid Energy Systems (N-R HES) in marine ships are assessed. The lifecycle cost of MR, reliability of the proposed system, and limitations of integrating renewable energy in maritime vessels are considered in this study. The proposed N-R HES is compared with three different energy systems, namely ‘Standalone Fossil Fuel-based Energy Systems’, ‘Renewable and Fossil Fuel-based Hybrid Energy Systems’, and ‘Standalone Nuclear Energy System’. The cost modeling of each energy system is carried out in MATLAB simulator. Each energy system is optimized by using the Differential Evolution Algorithm (DEA), an artificial intelligence algorithm, to find out the optimal configuration of the system components in terms of Net Present Cost (NPC). The results determine that N-R HES has the lowest NPC compared to the other three energy systems. The performance of the DE algorithm is compared with another widely accepted artificial intelligence optimization technique called ‘Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)’ to validate the findings of the DE algorithm. The impact of control parameters in the DE algorithm is assessed by employing the Adaptive Differential Evolution (ADE) algorithm. A sensitivity analysis is carried out to assess the impact of different system parameters on this study’s findings.

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Section: Vsmr/mrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lower LCOE refers to the lower unit price of the energy the system can serve which implies a higher profit to the investors. The LCOE is expressed by the following equation [13].…”

Section: Levelized Cost Of Energy (Lcoe)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Generation Reliability Factor (Grf)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The LPSP is determined for each time step and for the total time step to assure the utmost reliability of the system. The following equations are used to determine the LPSP [13].…”

Section: Loss Of Power Supply Probability (Lpsp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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