Micro-organisms in the digestive tract of fish as indicators of feeding condition and pollution

Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacteria Associated With Intestinal Tract of Fish From the Baltic Sea / Angliavandenilius Skaidančios Bakterijos Baltijos Jūros Žuvų Virškinamuosiuose Traktuose / Углеводород Расщепляющие Бактерии В Пищеварительном Тракте Рыб Балтийского Моря

“…1). These results are in accordance with those found for other fish species (Ringø, Birbeck 1999;Šyvokienė, Mickėnienė 2000;Al-Harbi, Uddin 2004;Sugita et al 2005;.…”

“…The information regarding the intestinal microbial flora in fish is abundant, however there is little information in the field of crude oil impact on intestinal microflora and hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria in the intestinal tract of aquatic animals (Šyvokienė, Mickėnienė 2000(Šyvokienė, Mickėnienė , 2004King et al 2005). Some data concerning crude oil impact on the intestinal bacterioflora in animals are available (George et al 2001).…”

The Bacterial Microflora of Fish, Revised

“…For a start, it is relevant to inquire whether fish-associated bacteria are active metabolically or could some be inactivedormant-nonculturable [103]. By piecing together various data, it becomes apparent that components of the bacterial microflora of fish have been associated with numerous functions, including: (1) the production of friction-preventing polymers (bacteria on fish skin, perhaps, important for the movement of fish through the water column [104]); (2) eicosapentaenoic acid (intestinal bacteria [105]); (3) the degradation of complex molecules, including starch (amylase production by intestinal bacteria [106,107,108]), cellulose [47,109], phospholipids (intestinal bacteria [110]), proteins [111], chitin, and collagen [52,107]; and (4) the production of neuraminidase (in Photobacterium damselae, from the intestines of coastal fish [112]) and vitamins (e.g., vitamin B 12 , which may be of value to the host [83,113,114,115]). Moreover by use of DNA microarrays, gnotobiotic zebrafish (Danio rerio) revealed the presence of 212 host genes, which were regulated by the intestinal microflora [116].…”

The Bacterial Microflora of Fish

“…For a start, it is relevant to inquire whether fish-associated bacteria are active metabolically or could some be inactive-dormant-nonculturable [86]. By piecing together various data, it becomes apparent that components of the bacterial microflora of fish have been associated with numerous functions, including: (1) the production of friction-preventing polymers (bacteria on fish skin, perhaps, important for the movement of fish through the water column [87]), (2) eicosapentaenoic acid (intestinal bacteria [88]), (3) the degradation of complex molecules, including starch (amylase production by intestinal bacteria [89,90]), cellulose [36], phospholipids (intestinal bacteria [91]), chitin, and collagen [41,90], and (4) the production of neuraminidase (in Photobacterium damselae, from the intestines of coastal fish [92]) and vitamins (e.g., vitamin B 12 , which may be of value to the host [71,93,94,95]. Some taxa, such as Pseudomonas, have been implicated as causes of fish spoilage [96,97] by the production of histamines [98,99], principally during storage of fish [61].…”