Micro-scale experimental investigation of the swelling anisotropy of the Callovo-Oxfordian argillaceous rock

Wang, L.L.; Bornert, Michel; Chanchole, S.; Yang, Diansen; Héripré, Eva; Tanguy, Anne; Caldemaison, D.

doi:10.1180/claymin.2013.048.2.17

Cited by 36 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Although these papers develop elaborate constitutive laws, they provide very limited microstructural observations. The need for micromechanical observations was already recognised by Yang et al (2012) and Wang et al (2013Wang et al ( , 2015. From DIC applied to optical and environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) images, these authors showed how heterogeneous strain fields correlate with microstructure and recognised shear bands and tensile microcracks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Claystones are sensitive to changes in hydric conditions that can lead to the shrinkage or the swelling of the clay matrix (Galle, 2001;Kang et al, 2003;Soe et al, 2007;GascBarbier and Tessier, 2007;Cosenza et al, 2007;Pineda et al, 2010;Hedan et al, 2012;Renard, 2012;Wang et al, 2013Wang et al, , 2015Desbois et al, 2014).…”

Section: Artefacts Caused By Drying and Unloadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Digital image correlation (DIC) applied to images acquired during experimental deformation provides a method to directly measure the local displacement fields (in 2-D or 3-D depending on the imaging method) and locally quantifies strain over time (Lenoir et al, 2007 (claystone, 3-D, X-ray tomography); Bornert et al, 2010 (claystone, 2-D, optical microscopy); Bésuelle and Hall, 2011 (claystone, 2-D, optical microscopy); Dautriat et al, 2011 (carbonates, 2-D, optical microscopy and SEM); Wang et al, 2013, 2015Fauchille et al, 2015 (clay-stone, 2-D, optical microscopy); Sone et al, 2015 (shale, 2-D, SEM)). For samples with grain sizes above micrometres, this approach allows the study of processes that occur at grain scale with high resolution (Hall et al, 2010 (sand, 3-D, X-ray tomography); Andò et al, 2012 (sand, 3-D, X-ray tomography); Bourcier et al, 2012Bourcier et al, , 2013 (rock salt, 2-D, optical microscopy and environmental SEM); Wang et al, 2015 (clay-stone, 2-D, environmental SEM)).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For samples with grain sizes above micrometres, this approach allows the study of processes that occur at grain scale with high resolution (Hall et al, 2010 (sand, 3-D, X-ray tomography); Andò et al, 2012 (sand, 3-D, X-ray tomography); Bourcier et al, 2012Bourcier et al, , 2013 (rock salt, 2-D, optical microscopy and environmental SEM); Wang et al, 2015 (clay-stone, 2-D, environmental SEM)). On claystones, DIC was used to study swelling in environmental SEM (Wang et al, 2013(Wang et al, , 2015 to measure strain between the clay matrix and non-clay minerals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deformation in cemented mudrock (Callovo–Oxfordian Clay) by microcracking, granular flow and phyllosilicate plasticity: insights from triaxial deformation, broad ion beam polishing and scanning electron microscopy

Desbois¹,

Höhne²,

Urai³

et al. 2017

Solid Earth

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Abstract. The macroscopic description of deformation and fluid flow in mudrocks can be improved by a better understanding of microphysical deformation mechanisms. Here we use a combination of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and broad ion beam (BIB) polishing to study the evolution of microstructure in samples of triaxially deformed Callovo-Oxfordian Clay. Digital image correlation (DIC) was used to measure strain field in the samples and as a guide to select regions of interest in the sample for BIB-SEM analysis. Microstructures show evidence for dominantly cataclastic and minor crystal plastic mechanisms (intergranular, transgranular, intragranular cracking, grain rotation, clay particle bending) down to the nanometre scale. At low strain, the dilatant fabric contains individually recognisable open fractures, while at high strain the reworked clay gouge also contains broken non-clay grains and smaller pores than the undeformed material, resealing the initial fracture porosity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Artefacts Caused By Drying and Unloadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Deformation in cemented mudrock (Callovo–Oxfordian Clay) by microcracking, granular flow and phyllosilicate plasticity: insights from triaxial deformation, broad ion beam polishing and scanning electron microscopy

Desbois¹,

Höhne²,

Urai³

et al. 2017

Solid Earth

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Unfortunately, most traditional methods fail to image directly both the porosity down to the relevant pore scale and the preserved wet microstructure. Moreover, very few studies of mechanical behavior of clay (Urai and Wong, 1994;Wang et al, 2013Wang et al, , 2014 include microstructural observations, though microstructures could provide useful information about the deformation mechanisms. In clays, relevant scales for microstructural investigations range from hundreds of micrometers to just a few nanometers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Microstructures in Naturally and Experimentally Deformed Reference Clay Rocks Using Innovative Methods in Scanning Electron Microscopy

Desbois¹,

Hemes²,

Laurich³

et al.

Filling the Gaps – From Microscopic Pore Structures to Transport Properties in Shales

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The application of ion-beam milling techniques to clays allows investigation of the porosity at nm resolution using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Imaging of pores by SEM of surfaces prepared by broad ion beam (BIB) gives both qualitative and quantitative insights into the porosity and mineral fabrics in 2D representative cross-sections. The combination of cryogenic techniques with ion-beam milling preparation (BIB and FIB, focused ion beam) allows the study of pore fluids in preserved clay-rich samples. Characterization of the pore network is achieved, first, using X-ray computed tomography to provide insights into the largest pore bodies only, which are generally not connected at the resolution achieved. Secondly, access to 3D pore connectivity is achieved by FIB-SEM tomography and the results are compared with 2D porosity analysis (BIB-SEM) and correlated with bulk porosity measurements (e.g. mercury injection porosimetry, MIP). Effective pore connectivity was investigated with an analog of MIP based on Wood's metal (WM), which is solid at room temperature and allows microstructural investigation of WM-filled pores with BIB-SEM after injection. Combination of these microstructural investigations at scales of ,1 mm with conventional stressstrain data, and strain localization characterized by strain-fields measurement (DICdigital image correlation) on the same sample offers a unique opportunity to answer the fundamental questions: (1) when, (2) where, and (3) how the sample was deformed in the laboratory. All the methods above were combined to study the microstructures in naturally and experimentally deformed argillites. Preliminary results are promising and leading toward better understanding of the deformation behavior displayed by argillites in the transition between rocks and soils.#

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Microscale insight into the influence of humidity on the mechanical behavior of mudstones

et al. 2015

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The mechanical behavior of mudstones strongly depends on humidity. In this paper, we present some microstructural insights into this phenomenon gained from a microscale investigation using a novel experimental method. The experimental method consists of combined hydric and mechanical loading tests in environmental scanning electron microscopy, as well as full‐field strain measurement by digital image correlation techniques. The sample is subjected to a stepwise wetting (21%, 80%, and 99% relative humidity); for each equilibrium moisture state, a uniaxial compression test is performed. The microscale observation reveals that humidity‐induced changes in the mechanical behavior of mudstones are controlled by the deformation and microcracking upon wetting. With increasing relative humidity, expansion of pores causes the clay matrix to be softer. In addition, because of the reduction in shear modulus and the lessening of capillary effect, shear bands are prone to appear at a high humidity state. The microcracking upon wetting, which results in predamage of the material, also affects the mechanical behavior. Finally, the sample with more moisture exhibits a more ductile behavior that involves more pronounced microcracking at failure.

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Micro-scale experimental investigation of the swelling anisotropy of the Callovo-Oxfordian argillaceous rock

Cited by 36 publications

References 8 publications

Deformation in cemented mudrock (Callovo–Oxfordian Clay) by microcracking, granular flow and phyllosilicate plasticity: insights from triaxial deformation, broad ion beam polishing and scanning electron microscopy

Deformation in cemented mudrock (Callovo–Oxfordian Clay) by microcracking, granular flow and phyllosilicate plasticity: insights from triaxial deformation, broad ion beam polishing and scanning electron microscopy

Investigation of Microstructures in Naturally and Experimentally Deformed Reference Clay Rocks Using Innovative Methods in Scanning Electron Microscopy

Microscale insight into the influence of humidity on the mechanical behavior of mudstones

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