Micro-structure in micro-neighborhoods: A new social distance measure, and its effect on individual and aggregated perceptions of crime and disorder

Making Space for Theory: The Challenges of Theorizing Space and Place for Spatial Analysis in Criminology

“…The broad point for criminology from these debates is that analysts should be ever cautious of uncritically using arbitrary or pregiven units for analysis or of assuming that such units can or should be thought of as 'places'. The reference to micro-scale units in criminology research (e.g., Hipp 2010) evokes this point and the scale/place debates in geography help draw attention toward careful and theoretically informed thinking of about places.…”

“…For example, Hipp (2010) describes a unit of analysis for spatial modeling that he calls ''micro-neighborhoods'' which consist of around 10 households. The obvious size reference (''micro'') in Hipp's (2010) unit of analysis suggests the utility of another geographic concept, that of scale, when considering the question of defining and operationalizing place for systematic analysis.…”

“…For example, Hipp (2010) describes a unit of analysis for spatial modeling that he calls ''micro-neighborhoods'' which consist of around 10 households. The obvious size reference (''micro'') in Hipp's (2010) unit of analysis suggests the utility of another geographic concept, that of scale, when considering the question of defining and operationalizing place for systematic analysis. Scale, which refers to the geographic scope or reach of a given phenomena (see Marston et al 2005), is necessary to consider when attempting to specify any geographically-based unit of analysis.…”

“…Places, therefore, are never natural, preformed, or given and there is no such thing as the 'right' scale for any given research topic or interest. Hipp (2007Hipp ( , 2010, Hipp et al (2009), and others are to be commended for suggesting approaches that consciously attempt to deal with the challenges posed by MAUP. But just as with grid-based approaches, the 'smaller is better' micro-scale approach to place in criminology must still wrestle with the problems of place as something that is ultimately socially constructed and therefore contested and subject to change as well as with the perhaps more familiar technical issues of MAUP.…”

A Survey of Social Network Forensics

“…Thus, we distinguished this section to include socio-economical relationships of the criminal and terrorist activities. We provided summaries and brief insights with respect to; (i) crime rates affected by ties among the neighborhoods and the crime and disorder distribution of the individuals along with their mobility between the neighborhoods Hipp et al (2013); Hipp (2010), (ii) investigation on loss of capital with the influence of social networks Baker & Faulkner (2004).…”