Microalbumin Status in Relation to Glycated Haemoglobin and Duration of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common endocrine disorders, characterized by hyperglycemia. Diabetic nephropathy is a consequence of long- standing diabetes and urinary microalbumin (Uma) status predicts progression to diabetic nephropathy. This study was conducted to know the status of Uma in relation to duration of diabetes and HbA1c level in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS: This prospective cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from July 1, 2014 to January 15, 2015 at TUTH, Kathmandu. Ninety-six known T2DM patients with age 35– 83 years were included in the study. EDTA venous blood and spot urine sample were collected for analysis of HbA1c and Uma respectively. Only those patients having HbA1c concentration ≥ 6.3% and duration of diabetes ≥ 6 months were included under the study. RESULTS: Overall prevalence of microalbuminuria (MAU) was 39.6 %. MAU had a highly significant correlation with duration of diabetes (r =0.471, p<0.05). Present study has shown positive correlation of MAU with HbA1c level, although statistically insignificant (r=0.245, p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged exposure to hyperglycemia-induced advanced glycosylation end products accumulations contributes for the development of MAU. So, duration of diabetes mellitus is main contributing factor for the development of MAU rather than HbA1c level alone. Screening for MAU to prevent renal impairment and measuring HbA1c level on a regular basis for good glycemic control are important in diabetic patients. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/acclm.v1i1.12310 Ann. Clin. Chem. & Lab. Med. 1(1) 2015: 21-24

Correlation Between Microalbuminuria and Hba1c Among Type2 Diabetic Patients in Jammu, J and K State, India.

“…This study also highlights that there is a significant correlation 600 between microalbumin levels and HbA1C.Varghese et al 19 carried out study among type 2 diabetic people and found a positive correlation between microalbuminuria and HbA1C but did not find any statistical difference between microalbuminuria and two sexes. Impaired glycemic control is associated with significant elevations in urinary microalbumin levels.…”

Correlation of Microalbuminuria With Age, Duration, Glycated Hemoglobin, Blood Sugar Levels, Blood Pressure and Renal Parameters of Type 2 Diabetes Patients

“…Another one study by Haghighatpanah et al, the mean of HbA1c level was significantly higher in females and lower in males [10]. A study conducted by Acharya et al, reported that their study had a positive correlation of microalbuminuria with duration of diabetes and HbA1c level [11]. Another one similar study conducted by Mandal and Jyothrimayi results insignificant increase in urine microalbumin levels and HbA1c levels in the study group when compared to control group [12].…”

Microalbuminuria and its associations with clinical profile and complications of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

“…The prevalence of microalbuminuria in this study was 35%, which is lower as compared to the study by Khadka B et al in Devdaha Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Rupandehi, Nepal 7 and by Acharya K et al at TUTH, Kathmandu. 6 Prevalence of microalbuminuria is found to vary in different studies done at different countries from 13.4 to 48.7%. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] This variation in prevalence can be attributed to factor such as difference in populations, in the definition of microalbuminuria, method of urine collection, etc.…”

“…596 Sample size: The sample size was calculated using the following formula n=z 2 p (1-p)/d 2 where, n=required sample size, z=statistical value for a level of confidence (for 95% level of confidence=1.96), p=estimated proportion of T2DM in the population, d=precision or maximum tolerable error, the prevalence of microalbuminuria in diabetes is 39.6 %. 6 Hence considering z=1.96, p=0.33, and d=0.1(precision of 10%), total sample size of 92 has been estimated. For convenience, 100 samples has been taken.…”