Microalgae cultivation in wastewater

Posadas, Esther; Alcántara, Cynthia; García‐Encina, Pedro A.; Gouveia, Luísa; Guieysse, Benoît; Norvill, Zane N.; Acién, F.G.; Μάρκου, Γιώργος; Congestri, Roberta; Koreivienė, Judita; Muñoz, Raúl

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-101023-5.00003-0

Cited by 57 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…In a culture medium, an ammonium concentration higher than 100 mg L −1 inhibits the photosynthesis in some microalgal species [42,45,66]. Recently, several studies have been conducted to alleviate TAN toxicity and to optimize the cell ammonium assimilation in microalgal cultures and wastewater treatment [20,42,45].…”

Section: Microalgae In Wastewater Treatment For Ammonium Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ammonium Utilization in Microalgae: A Sustainable Method for Wastewater Treatment

2021

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In plant cells, ammonium is considered the most convenient nitrogen source for cell metabolism. However, despite ammonium being the preferred N form for microalgae, at higher concentrations, it can be toxic, and can cause growth inhibition. Microalgae’s tolerance to ammonium depends on the species, with various taxa showing different thresholds of tolerability and symptoms of toxicity. In the environment, ammonium at high concentrations represents a dangerous pollutant. It can affect water quality, causing numerous environmental problems, including eutrophication of downstream waters. For this reason, it is important to treat wastewater and remove nutrients before discharging it into rivers, lakes, or seas. A valid and sustainable alternative to conventional treatments could be provided by microalgae, coupling the nutrient removal from wastewater with the production of valuable biomass. This review is focused on ammonium and its importance in algal nutrition, but also on its problematic presence in aquatic systems such as wastewaters. The aim of this work is to provide recent information on the exploitation of microalgae in ammonium removal and the role of ammonium in microalgae metabolism.

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Section: Microalgae In Wastewater Treatment For Ammonium Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ammonium Utilization in Microalgae: A Sustainable Method for Wastewater Treatment

2021

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“…Furthermore, cultivation of microalgae can even be performed using wastewater such as domestic sewage water and palm oil milling effluents which can assist in bioremediation of wastewater [4,5]. Apart from wastewater treatment, cultivation of microalgae can also help with reduction of atmospheric carbon dioxide through photosynthesis, effectively contributing to the efforts of tackling greenhouse effect and global warming.…”

Section: Microalgae Cultivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on microalgae cultivation and harvesting, and their biomass extraction processing using ionic liquids

et al. 2020

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The richness of high-value bio-compounds derived from microalgae has made microalgae a promising and sustainable source of useful product. The present work starts with a review on the usage of open pond and photobioreactor in culturing various microalgae strains, followed by an in-depth evaluation on the common harvesting techniques used to collect microalgae from culture medium. The harvesting methods discussed include filtration, centrifugation, flocculation, and flotation. Additionally, the advanced extraction technologies using ionic liquids as extractive solvents applied to extract high-value bio-compounds such as lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and other bioactive compounds from microalgae biomass are summarized and discussed. However, more work needs to be done to fully utilize the potential of microalgae biomass for the application in large-scale production of biofuels, food additives, and nutritive supplements.

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“…Besides carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus are essential macronutrients for microalgal growth. These nutrients can be found in wastewaters of different sources [1,[7][8][9]. Using these effluents as microalgal cultures, the addition of fertilizers may be significantly reduced, and no freshwater is needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outdoor Cultivation of the Microalga Chlorella vulgaris in a New Photobioreactor Configuration: The Effect of Ultraviolet and Visible Radiation

et al. 2020

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Microalgae can be a future source of biomass with a wide range of applications, including its use to solve current environmental issues. One of the main variables for microalgal cultivation is the light supply: (i) its intensity that often does not present a uniform spatial distribution inside the culture; (ii) photoperiod; and (iii) spectrum. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the growth of the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris in a tubular photobioreactor with compound parabolic collectors (CPCs) under outdoor conditions. The effect of ultraviolet and visible radiation on biomass productivity and nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) uptake was assessed. The maximum biomass productivity was (5 ± 1) × 10−3 g·L−1·h−1, and the specific growth rates ranged from (1.1 ± 0.3) × 10−2 to (2.0 ± 0.6) × 10−2 h−1. Regarding nutrient uptake, initial removal rates of (0.9 ± 0.4) mg N·L−1·h−1 for nitrogen and (0.17 ± 0.04) mg P·L−1·h−1 for phosphorus were reached. These values increased with visible and ultraviolet irradiance until certain values (143 WVIS·m−2 and 9 WUV·m−2 for biomass productivity; 101 WVIS·m−2 and 6 WUV·m−2 for nutrient removal) and then decreased for higher ones due to the photoinhibition phenomenon. Therefore, the application of CPCs to photobioreactors (PBRs) may be beneficial for microalgal culture in countries with higher latitude (with lower solar irradiance levels).

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Microalgae cultivation in wastewater

Cited by 57 publications

References 65 publications

Ammonium Utilization in Microalgae: A Sustainable Method for Wastewater Treatment

Ammonium Utilization in Microalgae: A Sustainable Method for Wastewater Treatment

A review on microalgae cultivation and harvesting, and their biomass extraction processing using ionic liquids

Outdoor Cultivation of the Microalga Chlorella vulgaris in a New Photobioreactor Configuration: The Effect of Ultraviolet and Visible Radiation

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