Microanalysis of individual environmental particles. Plenary lecture

Grieken, R. Van; Xhoffer, C.

doi:10.1039/ja9920700081

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…21 -25 However, in previous studies direct evidence for the counter-anion, i.e. carbonate itself, was generally absent, other than a low-abundance radical species in the anion spectrum that corresponded to CO 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Static SIMS analysis of carbonate on basic alkali‐bearing surfaces

Shaw¹,

Cortez

Gianotto

et al. 2003

Surface & Interface Analysis

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Carbonate is a somewhat enigmatic anion in static secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) because abundant ions containing intact CO 3 2− are not detected when analyzing alkaline-earth carbonate minerals common to the geochemical environment. In contrast, carbonate can be observed as an adduct ion when it is bound with alkali cations. In this study, carbonate was detected as the adduct Na 2 CO 3 ·Na + in the spectra of sodium carbonate, bicarbonate, hydroxide, oxalate, formate and nitrite and to a lesser extent nitrate. The appearance of the adduct Na 2 CO 3 ·Na + on hydroxide, oxalate, formate and nitrite surfaces was interpreted in terms of these basic surfaces fixing CO 2 from the ambient atmosphere. The low abundance of Na 2 CO 3 ·Na + in the static SIMS spectrum of sodium nitrate, compared with a significantly higher abundance in salts having stronger conjugate bases, suggested that the basicity of the conjugate anions correlated with aggressive CO 2 fixation; however, the appearance of Na 2 CO 3 ·Na + could not be explained simply in terms of solution basicity constants. The oxide molecular ion Na 2 O + and adducts NaOH·Na + and Na 2 O·Na + also constituted part of the carbonate spectral signature, and were observed in spectra from all the salts studied. In addition to the carbonate and oxide ions, a low-abundance oxalate ion series was observed that had the general formula Na 2−x H x C 2 O 4 ·Na + , where 0 < x < 2. Oxalate adsorption from the laboratory atmosphere was demonstrated but the oxalate ion series also was likely to be formed from reductive coupling occurring during the static SIMS bombardment event. The remarkable spectral similarity observed when comparing the sodium salts indicated that their surfaces shared common chemical speciation and that the chemistry of the surfaces was very different from the bulk of the particle.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Static SIMS analysis of carbonate on basic alkali‐bearing surfaces

Shaw¹,

Cortez

Gianotto

et al. 2003

Surface & Interface Analysis

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“…Earlier reviews have pointed out that EPXMA, laser microprobe mass analysis (LMMS) and micro-particle induced X-ray emission (µ-PIXE) are the techniques most used for environmental applications [1][2][3][4]. Other techniques like scanning transmission electron microscopyenergy dispersive X-ray detection (STEM-EDX), electron energy loss spectrometry (EELS), micro-Raman spectrometry, Fourier transform infra red microscopy (µ-FTIR) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) have only found limited applications in environmental research or have only been recently discovered by environmental laboratories.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This article will give an overview of the micro-analytical applications on single particles performed in the Micro-and Trace Analysis Centre (MiTAC) of the University of Antwerp since 1990. For descriptions of the microanalytical techniques involved and for other environmental applications, reference is made to Grasserbauer [1], Van Grieken and Xhoffer [2], Xhoffer et al [3] and Jambers et al [4]. and characterise the composition of "pure" aerosols in the absence of any pollution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of micro-analysis to individual environmental particles

Jambers¹,

Bock²,

Grieken³

1996

Fresenius J Anal Chem

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An overview is given of the recent applications of micro-analytical techniques to single particle environmental research performed at the University of Antwerp since 1990. Automated electron probe X-ray micro-analysis, laser microprobe mass spectrometry and micro-particle induced X-ray emission are the techniques most used for aerosol, aqueous suspension and sediment characterisation. Other techniques like scanning transmission electron microscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, Fourier transform infra red microscopy and secondary ion mass spectrometry have only recently been implemented into environmental research.

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“…33,34,35,36,37,38 Those species which are most responsible for toxic manifestation exist on the top-most layer of environmental surfaces, because they are most susceptible to solubilization, and consequent mobility and uptake. For this reason, a goal is to understand metal speciation at mineral surfaces.…”

Section: Overview: Chemical Investigations and Instrument Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The utilization of a cytochrome compound that is present in the cell membrane would be a logical explanation based upon a normal respiratory chain. Indeed, iron reduction has been shown to occur on or near the surfaces of cells of other microorganisms including Listeria spp, 32 Neisseria gonorrhoeae, 33 Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 34,35 and Vibrio (Listonella) anguillarum 28 using enzymes most frequently identified as cytochromes. Cytochromes have also been identified that may play a role in the reductive dechlorination activity on or near the surface of certain other types of bacteria.…”

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confidence: 99%

Environmental Systems Research FY-99 Annual Report

Miller¹

2000

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The Environmental Systems Research (ESR) Program, a part of the Environmental Systems Research and Analysis (ESRA) Program, was implemented to enhance and augment the technical capabilities of the INEEL. The program has now completed its second year. The purpose for strengthening technical capabilities of the INEEL is to provide the technical base to serve effectively as the Environmental Management Laboratory for the Office of Environmental Management (EM). The program is starting into its third year of the initial three-year program content cycle. The original portfolio of research activities was assembled after an analysis of the EM technology development and science needs as gathered by the Site Technology Coordination Groups (STCGs) complex-wide. Current EM investments in science and technology throughout the research community were also included in this analysis to avoid duplication of efforts. The content of the portfolio was modified at the end of the first year to respond to comments from external review panels brought in to help strengthen the program. This is a progress report for the second year of the ESR Program (Fiscal Year 99).

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Microanalysis of individual environmental particles. Plenary lecture

Cited by 28 publications

References 51 publications

Static SIMS analysis of carbonate on basic alkali‐bearing surfaces

Static SIMS analysis of carbonate on basic alkali‐bearing surfaces

Applications of micro-analysis to individual environmental particles

Environmental Systems Research FY-99 Annual Report

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