Microanalysis of Museum Aerosols To Elucidate the Soiling of Paintings:  Case of the Correr Museum, Venice, Italy

Bock, L. A. De; Grieken, R.E. Van; Camuffo, Dario; Grime, G.W.

doi:10.1021/es9602004

Cited by 40 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…A number of studies have concluded that PM can lead to soiling due to large particles (diameter is larger than 2.5 µm) that are abrasive. Large particles may also cause surface scratching (Brimblecombe, 1990;Phenix and Burnstock, 1990;Nazaroff, 1993;De Bock et al, 1996). Particles within that size range are heavy enough to settle in a still air.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing Particulate Pollutants in an Enclosed Museum in Shanghai, China

Wang

Xiu

Chen

et al. 2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The present study reported simultaneous measurements of particle number concentration (PNC), particle mass concentration, water soluble organic carbon (WSOC), organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), particulate morphology and main elemental properties. The measurements were conducted in a museum located in the downtown area of Shanghai. The impacts of storey, particle size and decorative flooring on particle characteristics inside museum were investigated. Size fractionated PNC in display halls belonging to the same storey exhibited similar daily variations. Particles within the range of 0.3-0.5 µm were identified as the most significant contributors to the overall size distribution measured, as ambient fine particles penetrated through the mechanical ventilation system. Multi-lognormal fitting OC concentrations can be assigned to the presence of tourists in the museum or originate from secondary OC formation. The latter can be estimated by comparing the relationship between OC and EC, as well as OC and WSOC.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing Particulate Pollutants in an Enclosed Museum in Shanghai, China

Wang

Xiu

Chen

et al. 2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…Cluster analysis was performed for the standardized matrix (19 variables and 94 data sets) using Euclidian distances. 5,6 Results and Discussion 94 sample results for BTEXT are summarized in Table 1. These compounds represent the main volatile organic compounds (VOC) at ambient air and in the fuels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A two-year monitoring program of aromatic hydrocarbons in Rio de Janeiro downtown area

Corrêa

Arbilla

2007

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Benzeno, tolueno, etilbenzeno, m+p+o-xileno (BTEX) e dois trimetilbenzenos (BTEXT) foram monitorados no centro da cidade do Rio de Janeiro durante os anos de 2004 e 2005. Alguns poluentes legislados e parâmetros meteorológicos também foram monitorados, objetivando-se a análise da correlação entre esses dados. 94 amostras foram coletadas, usando cartuchos de carvão ativo, entre 9:00 e 15:00 h. Os valores médios de concentração obtidos foram: 14,5; 22,8; 9,19; 19,3; 8,5; 10,4 e 12,1 μg m -3 para benzeno, tolueno, etilbenzeno, m+p-xileno, o-xileno, 1,2,3-trimetilbenzeno e 1,3,5-trimetilbenzeno, respectivamente. Esses valores são similares às concentrações médias obtidas em outras cidades brasileiras, tais como, Porto Alegre, Volta Redonda e São Paulo, que usam o mesmo tipo de combustível. A análise multivariada mostrou que os BTEXT individuais são emitidos pelas mesmas fontes e não se correlacionam bem com os demais poluentes primários. Esses resultados podem ser atribuídos à contribuição das emissões evaporativas dos BTEXT e à formação de compostos orgânicos voláteis secundários na atmosfera.Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m+p+o-xylene (BTEX) and two trimethylbenzenes (BTEXT) were monitored in Rio de Janeiro downtown area during 2004 and 2005. Some criteria pollutants and meteorological parameters were also determined in order to assess the main data correlations. 94 samples were collected, using activated charcoal cartridges, between 9:00 am and 3:00 pm. The mean concentrations obtained were: 14. 5, 22.8, 9.19, 19.3, 8.5, 10.4 and 12.1 μg m -3 for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m+p-xylene, o-xylene, 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, respectively. These values are similar to mean concentrations obtained in the Brazilian cities of Porto Alegre, Volta Redonda and São Paulo, which use the same type of fuel. Multivariate analyses showed that individual BTEXT are emitted by the same source and are not well correlated with other primary pollutants. These results may be due to the contribution of evaporative losses of the BTEXT and to the formation of secondary volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere. Keywords: air pollution monitoring, hydrocarbons emision, BTEX, Rio de Janeiro IntroductionMonoaromatic hydrocarbons are present in a considerable fraction of fossil fuels as gasoline and diesel. They can be emitted to the urban atmosphere either by volatilization or by incomplete combustion. Among these compounds, benzene has a direct impact on human health as a consequence of its carcinogenic and mutagenic properties.1 They are found mainly in the gaseous phase and have a considerable influence in the tropospheric chemistry, mainly in the formation of photochemical oxidants, as ozone and peroxyacetyl nitrate and in a minor extent, in the reaction with ozone. Among the aromatic compounds, benzene is the most harmful pollutant and it is responsible for myeloid leukemia. A World Health Organization (WHO) study 1 estimated that for an exposure to urban concentrations of 1.7 μg m -3 , 10 cases of leukemi...

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“…Air quality in museums is critical to the preservation and conservation of rare antiquities [1][2][3][4][5][6][7], with damage from air pollution being firstly reported in the middle of the 19th century at the British Art Gallery [3]. Since the 1990s, the microclimate in museums and airborne pollutants originating from indoor activities and/or penetration from outdoors have been of increasing concern in Europe [5,[8][9][10][11] and the United States [4,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Policy Influence on Long-Term Indoor Air Quality in Emperor Qin’s Terra-Cotta Museum, China

Jia

et al. 2015

Atmosphere

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Microanalysis of Museum Aerosols To Elucidate the Soiling of Paintings: Case of the Correr Museum, Venice, Italy

Abstract: electron microscopy and scanning proton microprobe measurements on submicrometer indoor aerosol particles and giant indoor Ca-rich aerosol particles, respectively, are discussed as well.

Cited by 40 publications

References 19 publications

Characterizing Particulate Pollutants in an Enclosed Museum in Shanghai, China

Characterizing Particulate Pollutants in an Enclosed Museum in Shanghai, China

A two-year monitoring program of aromatic hydrocarbons in Rio de Janeiro downtown area

Evaluation of Policy Influence on Long-Term Indoor Air Quality in Emperor Qin’s Terra-Cotta Museum, China

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