Microarray Analysis in Glioblastomas

Abstract

Microarray analysis in glioblastomas is done using either cell lines or patient samples as starting material. A survey of the current literature points to transcript-based microarrays and immunohistochemistry (IHC)-based tissue microarrays as being the preferred methods of choice in cancers of neurological origin. Microarray analysis may be carried out for various purposes including the following: To correlate gene expression signatures of glioblastoma cell lines or tumors with response to chemotherapy (DeLay et al., Clin Cancer Res 18(10):2930–2942, 2012)To correlate gene expression patterns with biological features like proliferation or invasiveness of the glioblastoma cells (Jiang et al., PLoS One 8(6):e66008, 2013)To discover new tumor classificatory systems based on gene expression signature, and to correlate therapeutic response and prognosis with these signatures (Huse et al., Annu Rev Med 64(1):59–70, 2013; Verhaak et al., Cancer Cell 17(1):98–110, 2010) While investigators can sometimes use archived tumor gene expression data available from repositories such as the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus to answer their questions, new arrays must often be run to adequately answer specific questions. Here, we provide a detailed description of microarray methodologies, how to select the appropriate methodology for a given question, and analytical strategies that can be used. Experimental methodology for protein microarrays is outside the scope of this chapter, but basic sample preparation techniques for transcript-based microarrays are included here.

Analysis of Gene Expression Profiles in the Liver of Rats With Intrauterine Growth Retardation

“…The applications of gene expression microarrays in disease research are attributed to transcriptional changes that provide a sensitive and robust way for understanding disease mechanisms and their complications. Previously, microarray analyses were used to evaluate the underlying mechanisms of hypertension ( 26 ), glioblastomas ( 27 ), pulmonary hypertension ( 28 ), and so on in patients or animal models. Therefore, performing transcriptional microarray analyses through rat liver to identify variations in gene expression signatures of IUGR is important.…”

Cell‑based immunotherapy of glioblastoma multiforme (Review)

“…The third subtype is characterized by mutations in the EGFR gene, and mutations in the neurofibromin gene are found in the fourth subtype. For the last 10 years, this classification system has expanded based on the data from genome-wide association studies (28,29), and significant differences in the molecular landscapes of cancer cells in primary and recurrent tumors (30) have been described, indicating a high plasticity of GBM cells.…”

Current Achievements and Applications of Transcriptomics in Personalized Cancer Medicine

“…Protein microarrays have gained extensive applications in molecular diagnostics, particularly in cancer biomarker discovery [ 33 ]. Nevertheless, technical difficulties related to the method, such as different physical and chemical properties of proteins, as well as the need of usage of highly specific antibody panels, are the significant obstacles for proteomic studies in a wide range [ 38 ].…”