Microbial adhesion and viability on novel CAD/CAM framework materials for implant‐supported hybrid prostheses

Abstract

The aim of the study was to investigate the adhesion and viability of Streptococcus oralis and Candida albicans under in vitro conditions on CAD/CAM framework materials for implant‐supported hybrid prostheses. Twenty‐nine specimens were prepared from each of three different materials: ZR (zirconia), PEEK (polyether ether ketone) and CoCr4 (CoCr4 alloy). The experimental part included surface roughness (SR) and contact angle of water (CAW) measurements, followed by colony forming unit (CFU), cell viability assay and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses of Strep. oralis and C. albicans biofilms on the materials’ surfaces. Kruskal‐Wallis and one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were used for differences between materials, and the correlation between measurements was estimated using Spearman's correlation coefficient. PEEK specimens revealed higher SR, CAW and CFU mean values, than ZR and CoCr4 specimens. Strong positive correlation was found between SR and CFU and between CAW and CFU for both microbial species. Cell viability assay revealed similar values for both species across materials. Higher numbers of Strep. oralis and C. albicans on PEEK specimens confirm the impact of the higher surface roughness and contact angle values on the microbial adhesion and describes PEEK as less desirable than ZR and CoCr4 from microbiological aspect.

Effect of different finishing and polishing procedures on surface roughness and microbial adhesion on highly‐filled composites for injectable mold technique

“…mutans to the surface of the composite material and that material's chemical nature could also play an important role from microbiological aspect. 22,23 In that manner, GUI and TE revealed lower…”

“…Nevertheless, the absence of strong correlation between tested parameters in the present study suggested that surface characteristics may not be the only factor that affects the adhesion of the Strep. mutans to the surface of the composite material and that material's chemical nature could also play an important role from microbiological aspect 22,23 . In that manner, GUI and TE revealed lower Strep.…”

“…Although composite materials were extensively discussed in the literature so far, there is a lack of data considering surface and microbiological features of novel highly‐filled flowable composites for injectable mold technique. Considering the fact that early colonizers comprise various streptococci, capable to adhere directly to the tooth surfaces, creating in such a way desirable conditions for binding of other pathogens 21,22 and that Streptococcus mutans presents the major causative agent involved in the development of recurrent dental caries, 23 – 27 the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different finishing and polishing procedures on surface roughness and microbial adhesion and viability of Streptococcus mutans on novel highly‐filled composites for injectable mold technique. The research hypotheses were that: 1.…”

Comparison of the Surface Roughness of CAD/CAM Metal-Free Materials Used for Complete-Arch Implant-Supported Prostheses: An In Vitro Study

“…As a result, the first null hypothesis was partially rejected. These statistical differences between the ZF and B-BP groups can be attributed to the different composition of polymers and ceramics [9].…”

“…Changes in surface roughness can be caused by a complex and changing humid oral environment, changes in temperature [5], manufacturing process (milling, sintering, sandblasting) [6], or modifications performed with rotatory instruments [7]. Furthermore, surface roughness presents significant implications across various crucial aspects for prosthetic dentistry, including bacterial proliferation [8,9], strength [10], optical properties [11,12], and adhesion [13].…”